10 Factors involved in leukaemogenesis and haemopoiesis*

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This review describes the chromosomal abnormalities in T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL) which result in the over-expression of the gene SCL, which encodes a helix-loop-helix transcription factor. Also described are how gene targeting studies have revealed a key role for SCL in normal haemopoiesis. Next, the BCR-ABL fusion protein, seen in chronic myeloid leukaemia (CML) and in some patients with ALL, is discussed. Finally, the involvement of members of the core-binding factor (CBF) gene family in leukaemogenesis are described. Members of this gene family are involved in the generation of fusion proteins as a result of t(8;21) and inv(16), the most common translocations associated with acute myeloid leukaemia (AML). They provide a useful model of the way in which aberrant transcriptional function, brought about through genetic alterations, can modify haemopoietic development.

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    *

    This work was supported in part by the AntiCancer Council of Victoria, the National Health and Medical Research Council, Canberra, and the Rotary Bone Marrow Research Laboratories, the Royal Melbourne Hospital.

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