ASE Guidelines and Standards
Recommendations for Noninvasive Evaluation of Native Valvular Regurgitation: A Report from the American Society of Echocardiography Developed in Collaboration with the Society for Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.echo.2017.01.007Get rights and content

Abbreviations

2D
Two-dimensional
3D
Three-dimensional
ACC/AHA
American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association
ARO
Anatomic regurgitant orifice
AR
Aortic regurgitation
ASE
American Society of Echocardiography
CMR
Cardiovascular magnetic resonance
CSA
Cross-sectional area
CWD
Continuous wave Doppler
EROA
Effective regurgitant orifice area
LA
Left atrium, atrial
LV
Left ventricle, ventricular
LVEF
Left ventricular ejection fraction
LVOT
Left ventricular outflow tract
MR
Mitral regurgitation
MV
Mitral valve
MVP
Mitral valve prolapse
PA
Pulmonary artery
PISA
Proximal isovelocity surface area
PR
Pulmonary regurgitation
PRF
Pulse repetition frequency
PV
Pulmonary valve
RF
Regurgitant fraction
RV
Right ventricle, ventricular
RVol
Regurgitant volume
RVOT
Right ventricular outflow tract
SSFP
Steady-state free precession
SV
Stroke volume
TEE
Transesophageal echocardiography
TR
Tricuspid regurgitation
TTE
Transthoracic echocardiography
TV
Tricuspid valve
Va
Aliasing velocity
VC
Vena contracta
VCA
Vena contracta area
VCW
Vena contracta width
VTI
Velocity time integral

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The following authors reported no actual or potential conflicts of interest in relation to this document: David Adams, RCS, RDCS, FASE; Robert O. Bonow, MD; Judy Hung, MD, FASE; Stephen H. Little, MD, FASE; Paaladinesh Thavendiranathan, MD, MSc; and Neil J. Weissman, MD, FASE. The following authors reported relationships with one or more commercial interests: Maurice Enriquez-Sarano, MD, received research support from Edwards LLC; Elyse Foster, MD, FASE, received grant support from Abbott Vascular Structural Heart and consulted for Gilead; Paul A. Grayburn, MD, FASE, consulted for Abbott Vascular, Neochord, and Tendyne and received research support from Abbott Vascular, Tendyne, Valtech, Edwards, Medtronic, Neochord, and Boston Scientific; Rebecca T. Hahn, MD, FASE, is a speaker for Philips Healthcare, St. Jude's Medical, and Boston Scientific; Yuchi Han, MD, MMSc, received research support from Gilead and GE; Roberto M. Lang, MD, FASE, is on the advisory board of and received grant support from Phillips Medical Systems; Dipan Shah, MD, MMSc, received research grant support from Abbott Vascular and Guerbet; Stanton Shernan, MD, FASE, is an educator for Philips Healthcare, Inc.; James D. Thomas, MD, FASE, received honoraria from Edwards and GE, and honoraria, research grant, and consultation fee from Abbott; and William A. Zoghbi, MD, FASE, has a licensing agreement with GE Healthcare and is on the advisory board for Abbott Vascular.

Reprint requests: American Society of Echocardiography, 2100 Gateway Centre Boulevard, Suite 310, Morrisville, NC 27560 (E-mail: [email protected]).

Society for Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance Representative.

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