Total pressure and excess Gibbs energy for the ternary mixture di-isopropyl ether + 1-propanol + benzene and its corresponding binary systems at 313.15 K
Introduction
Accurate vapour–liquid equilibria measurements are essential for the improvement and the development of thermodynamic models. Also they are useful for simulation, design, production and efficiency in industrial plants.
The static technique used for measuring total pressure allows high accuracy data of phase equilibria not only for binary mixtures also for ternary systems, which are scarce in literature.
Oxygenated compounds such as ethers and alcohols are used as blending agents in the formulation of new gasolines for enhancing the octane number and reducing emissions. Our group is contributing to a better knowledge of them through the measurements of vapour–liquid equilibrium of binary and ternary systems containing ethers, alcohols and hydrocarbons, and some of them have been included in the most well-known databases.
In this paper, a new ternary system di-isopropyl ether + 1-propanol + benzene and two of the binary systems involved di-isopropyl ether + 1-propanol and 1-propanol + benzene are reported, the third binary was measured before [1].
Only data for 1-propanol + benzene at 313.15 K have been found in the literature [2], [3] and a comparison has been carried out.
Section snippets
Materials and experimental method
All the materials used were purchased from Fluka Chemie AG and were of the highest purity available, chromatography quality reagents (of the series puriss. p.a.) with a purity >99.0% (GC) for di-isopropyl ether, >99.5% (GC) for benzene and >99.9% (GC) for 1-propanol. They were degassed prior to measurements using a modified distillation method based on the technique of Van Ness and Abbott [4], under vacuum. In Table 1, the vapour pressures of the pure compounds measured in this work are
Results
Data reduction for the binary and ternary mixtures was done by Barker's method according to well-established procedures [7], [8]. The non-ideality of the vapour phase was taken into account with the virial equation of state, truncated after the second term. The second virial coefficients are calculated by Hayden and O’Connell method [9] using the coefficients given by Dymond and Smith [10], these values are given in Table 1.
The five-parameter Margules equation has been used for data correlation
Discussion
Both binary systems measured in this work are quite good correlated using the five-parameter Margules equation. The root mean square deviation between experimental and calculated pressure is 6 Pa with a maximum deviation of 10 Pa for DIPE + 1-propanol and they are 13 and 20 Pa, respectively, for benzene + 1-propanol. Experimental p–x data for the binary systems are shown in Fig. 1. In Fig. 1 the calculated vapour phase compositions are also plotted.
These binary systems present a large positive
Acknowledgement
Support for this work came from the Spanish Ministry of Science and Technology, project PPQ2002-04414-C02-02.
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Thermal diffusivity of di-isopropyl ether (DIPE) in the temperature range 298-530K and pressure up to 10MPa from dynamic light scattering (DLS)
2014, Fluid Phase EquilibriaCitation Excerpt :It is very important to investigate the thermodynamic properties and transport properties of DIPE as an alternate fuel additive. In recent years, many scientists studied the thermophysical properties in binary or ternary mixtures of DIPE with alcohols [2–5], ethers [6], ionic liquid [7], carbon dioxide [8] and other organic fluids [9–11]. Few thermophysical data about pure DIPE can be found, although they are the foundations of binary and ternary system which is composed of DIPE.
Phase equilibrium properties of the ternary mixture dibutyl ether+toluene+heptane at 313.15K
2012, Fluid Phase EquilibriaCitation Excerpt :To better understand and model the new formulated gasoline, we have started many years ago a research programme on the thermodynamic characterization of ternary mixtures, as the simplest multicomponent system, containing oxygenated additives (ethers and alcohols) and different type of hydrocarbons (paraffins, cycloparaffins, aromatics, oleffins). As result of this programme, we have characterized mixtures of hydrocarbons with methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE) [2–11], tert-amyl methyl ether (TAME) [4,12–16], di-isopropyl ether (DIPE) [4,17–27] and ethyl tert-butyl ether (ETBE) [28–33] and dibutyl ether (DBE)[34,35]. Here, the ternary (DBE + toluene + heptane) and the binary (toluene + heptane) systems at 313.15 K are presented.
Abraham model correlations for describing solute transfer into diisopropyl ether
2015, Physics and Chemistry of Liquids