Liquid–liquid equilibria of 1,3-dimethylimidazolium methyl sulfate with ketones, dialkyl carbonates and acetates
Introduction
The behaviour of ionic liquids (ILs) is very different from conventional molecular liquids when they are used as solvents. The aim of our work is to investigate the possible use of these remarkable liquids as solvents in separation processes since these chemicals are considered beneficial due to their interesting properties that could be applied to replace the conventional organic solvents. In general terms, to design an industrial process it is necessary to know the separation section, in our case an IL is used as solvent and the research is focused on liquid–liquid extraction involving azeotropic mixtures (ketones or acetates with alcohols). Likewise azeotropic data are very common in many chemical engineering processes and azeotropic distillation is the most widely separation technique used to separate the chemicals. In this paper, the azeotropic mixture 2-butanone + ethanol was chosen due to it is hard to separate into each component by conventional distillation. 2-Butanone is a solvent in paints and resin adhesives and it is very common to found it mixed with alcohols.
With the aim of continuing the thermodynamic study of the thermodynamic properties [1], [2], [3] of the ionic liquids (in this case MMIM MeSO4 which has been synthesized in our laboratory) with different organic solvents, the phase composition of the two liquid phases for binary and ternary systems of MMIM MeSO4 and several dialkyl carbonates, ketones and alkyl acetates was measured due to such information is of great value in the study of solution properties to be used in thermodynamic modelling and in the prediction of phase equilibria. The results have been correlated by the NRTL model [4]. LLE data involving MMIM MeSO4 have no been published before.
Section snippets
Materials
The chemicals used in this work (the sources reported and their mass percent purities) were as follow: dimethyl carbonate (Fluka, ≥99%), diethyl carbonate (Fluka, ≥99.5%), ethanol (Merck, ≥99.9%), acetone (Aldrich, ≥99.8%), 2-butanone (Fluka, ≥99.5%), 2-pentanone (Aldrich, ≥99.5%), methyl acetate (Merck, ≥99%), ethyl acetate (Aldrich, ≥99.5%) and MMIM MeSO4 (synthesized in our laboratory [1] and characterized by its NMR spectra and positive FABMS (FISONS VG AUTOSPEC mass spectrometer)). All
Results and discussion
Experimental tie-line data of (MMIM MeSO4 + dimethyl carbonate), (MMIM MeSO4 + diethyl carbonate) and (MMIM MeSO4 + 2-pentanone) from (278.15 to 343.15 K); (MMIM MeSO4 + acetone) and (MMIM MeSO4 + methyl acetate) from (278.15 to 318.15 K); (MMIM MeSO4 + 2-butanone) from (278.15 to 333.15 K) and (MMIM MeSO4 + ethyl acetate) from (278.15 to 338.15 K) are reported in Table 4. Experimental phase diagrams of LLE for these binary mixtures are shown in Fig. 1.
The composition of the experimental tie-line ends for the
Conclusions
LLE of binary mixtures involving MMIM MeSO4 with several organic components are determined experimentally from 278.15 K to close to the boiling temperature of the solvent. In general terms, the composition of the MMIM MeSO4 in both phases is constant, except for the systems MMIM MeSO4 + acetone and + methyl acetate where an increase in the IL mole fraction rich phase is observed when the temperature is increased. On the other hand, the immiscibility area of the binary systems increases with an
Acknowledgement
We want to thank the Ministerio de Educación y Ciencia (Spain) for the financial support through Project CTQ 2004-00454.
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