Liquid–liquid equilibria of water + 2,3-butanediol + 1-butanol at T = 298.15 K, T = 308.15 K and T = 318.15 K

doi:10.1016/j.fluid.2007.12.003

Fluid Phase Equilibria

Volume 265, Issues 1–2, 25 March 2008, Pages 1-6

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fluid.2007.12.003 Get rights and content

Abstract

(Liquid–liquid) equilibrium (LLE) data of the solubility curves and tie-line compositions have been determined for mixtures of (water + 2,3-butanediol + 1-butanol) at 298.15, 308.15 and 318.15 K and atmospheric pressure. Distribution coefficients and separation factors have been evaluated for the immiscibility region. The reliability of the experimental tie-lines has been confirmed by using Othmer–Tobias correlation. The LLE data of the ternary systems have been predicted by UNIFAC method.

Introduction

The production of 2,3-butanediol by fermentation has been considered as a potential source of fuels [1], [2] or chemical feedstock [3]. Its microbial preparation has been observed in several yeasts and bacteria from various genera such as Klebsiella, Bacillus, Serratia and Pseudomonas [4], [5], [6], [7], [8], [9], [10]. The separation and purification of 2,3-butanediol from fermentation broth is essential to realize the industrial production for 2,3-butanediol.

Since the fermented liquors contain only a few percent of 2,3-butanediol along with various other materials which cause difficulty in separation, and since 2,3-butanediol has a much higher boiling point than that of water and cannot be distilled out directly, extraction from the fermentation liquors by a suitable solvent seems to be a feasible method. Various organic solvents have been investigated and reported for 2,3-butanediol extraction [11]. 1-Butanol used in this study may be a suitable solvent for extraction of 2,3-butanediol from water, being capable of forming azeotropic mixtures with water to take it from 2,3-butanediol.

The aim of this work is to present the phase behavior of LLE for the (water + 2,3-butanediol + 1-butanol) ternary system at 298.15, 308.15 and 318.15 K and atmospheric pressure. The tie-lines have also been predicted using the UNIFAC method (a group contribution method) developed by Fredenslund et al. [12], and compared with the experimental data.

Section snippets

Chemicals

All the chemicals used in this study were purchased from commercial sources. 2,3-Butanediol was supplied by Sino-pharm. Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd. with a minimum mass fraction purity of 99.2%. 1-Butanol was provided by Shanghai Feida Industrial and Trade Corp. Ltd. with a minimum mass fraction purity of 99.5%. They were used directly without further treatment in this study. Water was distilled twice before utilization. The purity of these materials was checked and assured by gas chromatography.

Results and discussion

The LLE measurements were made for the ternary system of (water + 2,3-butandiol + 1-butanol) at 298.15, 308.15 and 318.15 K and atmospheric pressure. The experimental binodal curves for this ternary system at each temperature are listed in Table 2, for which W_i refers to the mass fraction of ith component. The experimental tie-line compositions of the equilibrium phases are shown in Table 3, for which W_i1 and W_i3 refer to the mass fractions of the ith component in the aqueous and solvent phases,

Conclusions

The LLE data of the ternary mixtures water + 2,3-butanediol + 1-butanol have been presented at 298.15, 308.15 and 318.15 K. The UNIFAC model has been used to correlate the LLE data. It has been observed that the UNIFAC predictions do not fit the experimental results well. The temperature had practically no effect on the selectivity at the temperatures studied. Separation factor is found to be greater than 1 and it is not constant over the whole two-phase region. It is concluded that 1-butanol may

Acknowledgment

The financial support of Chinese National Program for High Technology and Development (863 Program, No. 2006AA02Z243), is gratefully acknowledged.

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Liquid–liquid equilibria of water + 2,3-butanediol + 1-butanol at T = 298.15 K, T = 308.15 K and T = 318.15 K

Abstract

Introduction

Section snippets

Chemicals

Results and discussion

Conclusions

Acknowledgment

Adv. Appl. Microbial.

Bioresour. Technol.

Fluid Phase Equilib.

J. Chem. Thermodyn.

Fluid Phase Equilib.

Biotechnol. Bioeng.

Energy the Biomass Option

Appl. Microbial. Biotechnol.

Biotechnol. Bioeng.

Biotechnol. Lett.