Elsevier

Internet Interventions

Volume 1, Issue 4, October 2014, Pages 169-174
Internet Interventions

The effectiveness of an online e-health application compared to attention placebo or Sertraline in the treatment of Generalised Anxiety Disorder

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.invent.2014.08.002Get rights and content
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Highlights

  • Web-based intervention for GAD is compared to frontline antidepressant medication.

  • Anxiety symptoms improved following Sertraline treatment and web intervention.

  • Results suggest that GAD is responsive to both online treatment and Sertraline.

  • Online treatment for GAD offers an alternative to medication.

Abstract

Background

Generalised Anxiety Disorder (GAD) is a high prevalence, chronic disorder that can be treated effectively through a number of web-based programs. However, online web programs for GAD have not been compared to standard pharmacological treatment. The present study compares an Internet Intervention (Active Website) for GAD and a selective serotonin re-uptake inhibitor (SSRI) (Sertraline), with an online attention placebo condition (Control Website).

Objective

To evaluate the effectiveness of a web-based intervention for GAD in comparison to standard antidepressant medication and an online attention placebo condition over a 10 week period, and with a follow-up at 6 and at 12 months.

Methods

The study was part of a larger scale prevention program. 152 people aged 18–30 years who met the criteria for GAD on the MINI received referrals to the treatment sub-study. The primary outcome was anxiety symptoms measured by the Generalised Anxiety Disorder 7-item Scale (GAD-7), and the secondary outcome was depression measured by the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D).

Results

There was very poor uptake to the trial (around 14% of those referred). However, even in this small sample, Sertraline compared to the Control Website was significant at post-test and 6 months, and the Internet Intervention was significant at post-test. Relative to the Control Website condition at post-test, for the GAD-7 and CES-D respectively, the between group effect sizes were d = 2.43 and d = 0.68 for the Active Website condition, and 3.00 and 0.20 for the Sertraline condition. The within group effect size for the Control Website from baseline to post-test was − 0.04 for the GAD-7 and 0.31 for CES-D respectively.

Conclusions

The findings will need to be extended and confirmed in a larger trial. However, they do suggest that both standard pharmacological treatment and online interventions for GAD are effective in samples with a diagnosis of GAD recruited via online methods. The low rate of engagement for face-to-face treatment by those who opt first for a web program suggests that treatment preferences are important in help-seeking.

Keywords

Anxiety disorders
Intervention
Early intervention
Internet
Online systems
Cognitive behavioural therapy

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