Quaternary (liquid + liquid) equilibria for (water + 1,1-dimethylethyl methyl ether + diisopropyl ether + toluene) at the temperature 298.15 K
Introduction
The materials 1,1-dimethylethyl methyl ether (MTBE, methyl tert-butyl ether) and diisopropyl ether (DIPE) are considered as blending agents for new re-formulated gasoline. To assess the solubility of these oxygenate additives in aqueous-hydrocarbon mixtures, we continue to study the multicomponent (liquid + liquid) equilibria for aqueous aromatic mixtures with MTBE or DIPE. There is much variety in the ternary (liquid + liquid) equilibria with aqueous MTBE and DIPE mixtures [1], [2], [3], [4], but not enough for the quaternary (liquid + liquid) equilibria with the MTBE and DIPE mixtures [5], [6].
In this work, we present (liquid + liquid) equilibria for one ternary mixture of water + MTBE + DIPE and one quaternary mixture of water + MTBE + DIPE + toluene measured at T = 298.15 K. The measured results are correlated with modified UNIQUAC and extended UNIQUAC models having binary, ternary, and quaternary parameters [7], [8]. The binary and ternary parameters constituting the quaternary mixtures are obtained from binary and ternary phase equilibria whose experimental values are available from the following literatures: (vapour + liquid) equilibria, (toluene + DIPE) at T = (339.70 to 381.19) K [9], (MTBE + DIPE) at T = (338.05 to 325.95) K [10], (MTBE + toluene) at T = 333.15 K [11]; mutual solubilities at T = 298.15 K, (DIPE + water) [3], (toluene + water) [12], (MTBE + water) [2]; ternary (liquid + liquid) equilibria at T = 298.15 K, (water + MTBE + toluene) [1], and (water + DIPE + toluene) [4].
Section snippets
Experimental
The MTBE was supplied by Tedia Company, Inc. with nominal minimum mass fraction purity of 0.998. Toluene was provided from Guangzhou Chemical Reagent Factory, with mass fraction purity of 0.995. The DIPE was obtained from Tianjin Chemical Reagent Institute with mass fraction purity of 0.990. Water was provided from Jinan University with mass fraction purities of 0.999. The g.c. analysis did not detect any appreciable peaks, and determined the mass fraction purities of 0.995 for DIPE, and >0.998
Results and analyses
TABLE 1, TABLE 2 list the experimental ternary and quaternary tie-line results for {x1H2O + x2CH3C(CH3)2OCH3 + (1 − x1 − x2)(CH3)2CHOCH(CH3)2} and {x1H2O + x2CH3C(CH3)2OCH3 + x3(CH3)2CHOCH(CH3)2 + (1 − x1 − x2 − x3)C6H5CH3} at T = 298.15 K. Following a classification of the plane of the quaternary (liquid + liquid) equilibrium surface [13] these mixtures, composed of three pairs of type 2 of the ternary (liquid + liquid) equilibria for (water + DIPE + MTBE) and (water + toluene + MTBE or + DIPE) mixtures, show type 2 of the
Conclusions
(Liquid + liquid) equilibrium tie-lines were measured for one ternary system {x1H2O + x2CH3C(CH3)2OCH3 + (1 − x1 − x2)(CH3)2CHOCH(CH3)2} and one quaternary system {x1H2O + x2CH3C(CH3)2OCH3 + x3(CH3)2CHOCH(CH3)2 + (1 − x1 − x2 − x3)C6H5CH3} at T = 298.15 K and P∘ = 101.3 kPa. The experimental quaternary (liquid + liquid) equilibria were successfully correlated by using both models including binary, ternary and quaternary parameters. The quaternary (liquid + liquid) equilibrium results calculated by the modified UNIQUAC and
Acknowledgments
Supported by Foundation of Ministry of Education of China (2002-247), Foundation of Scientific Research from Guangdong Province of China (2003C33101) and Foundation of Jinan University of China (640071).
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