Properties of ionic liquid HMIMPF6 with carbonates, ketones and alkyl acetates

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Abstract

The densities and refractive indices of the pure ionic liquid (IL) HMIMPF6 were determined at temperature range from T =(278.15 to 318.15) K for density and from T = (288.15 to 318.15) K for refractive index. The coefficient of thermal expansion of HMIMPF6 was calculated from the experimental values of density. The densities and refractive indices of binary mixtures involving dimethyl carbonate (DMC), diethyl carbonate (DEC), acetone, 2-butanone, 2-pentanone, methylacetate, ethylacetate, and butylacetate + HMIMPF6 (1-hexyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate) have been measured at T = 298.15 K and atmospheric pressure. Excess molar volumes and changes of refractive index on mixing for the binary systems were calculated. The miscibility of IL with different organic solvents and (liquid + liquid) equilibrium (LLE) data of binary mixture HMIMPF6 + DEC have been determined experimentally.

Introduction

Room-temperature ionic liquids (RTILs) are organic salts that melt below about T = 373.15 K and have an appreciable liquid range [1]. The most commonly studied systems contain ammonium, phosphonium, pyridinium, or imidazolium cations, with varying heteroatom functionality. In this paper, we have considered the use of imidazolium cation and the hexafluorophosphate [PF6] as anion. This one produces hydrophobic solvents due to the lack of hydrogen-bond accepting ability [2].

Refractive index and density measurements in combination with boiling temperature, melting temperature and other physical properties are very useful industrially also for common substances which include oils, waxes, sugar syrups, etc. An exhaustive literature survey reveals no published work, on the density and refractive index that was used for the present systems. The studied components have reached wide applicability in chemical industry process due to their special properties. With this aim, we present experimental densities and refractive indices of the pure component HMIMPF6 at temperature range from T = (278.15 to 318.15) K for density and from T = (288.15 to 318.15) K for refractive index. For the values of density, we calculated the coefficient of thermal expansion of HMIMPF6. The densities and refractive indices of binary mixtures of some carbonates, ketones, and alkyl acetate with HMIMPF6 at T = 298.15 K and atmospheric pressure have been determined. Excess and derived properties have been calculated from experimental data. A Redlich–Kister equation [3] was used to fit these quantities.

Excess molar volumes of the mixtures were estimated from the experimental measurements using the Heller [4] and Nakata and Sakurai [5] equations which are dependent on refractive index mixing rules [6], [7], [8], [9]. The relative reliability of each of these rules has been assessed by comparing with experimental data.

Measurements on the solubility of IL with water and numerous types of organic compounds, including alkanes, alcohols, carbonates, acetates, and ketones have been made at T = 298.15 K and atmospheric pressure. LLE data of the binary mixture (HMIMPF6 + DEC) in the range from T = (278.15 to 333.15) K have been determined. The binodal tie lines for the binary mixture were correlated by applying the NRTL [10] equation.

Section snippets

Materials

The DMC (⩾0.99 mass fraction, Fluka), DEC (⩾0.995 mass fraction, Fluka), acetone (⩾0.998 mass fraction, Aldrich), 2-butanone (⩾0.995 mass fraction, Fluka), 2-pentanone (⩾0.995 mass fraction, Aldrich), methylacetate (⩾0.998 mass fraction, Aldrich), ethylacetate (⩾0.995 mass fraction, Aldrich) and butylacetate (⩾0.997 mass fraction, Aldrich) were degassed ultrasonically, and stored over molecular sieves type 0.4 nm (supplied by Aldrich) for several weeks. Karl Fisher 756 coulometer was used to

Results and discussion

In this study, the values of density and refractive index of ionic liquid HMIMPF6 measured experimentally from T = (278.15 to 318.15) K for density and from T = (288.15 to 318.15) K for refractive index are listed in table 2. Figure 2 shows the experimental values of ln ρ and ln nD against T. The values were fitted by the method of the least-square. An empirical equation was obtained and shown in this figure. The correlation coefficient is 0.9999. The coefficient of thermal expansion of HMIMPF6 is

Conclusions

Knowledge of the physical properties of RTILs with other organic solvents is interesting for developing of RTILs as “designer solvents” for specific chemical process. Experimental density and refractive mixture of an imidazolium-based ionic liquid with carbonates, ketones, and acetates at T = 298.15 K are performed. The relevancy of the interaction forces with the length of the hydrocarbon chain on mixing can be observed in terms of excess quantities.

Due to the importance in computation and

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