Densities, excess molar volumes, and refractive indices of 1,1,2,2-tetrabromoethane and 1-alkanols binary mixtures
Introduction
Halogenated hydrocarbons are manufactured in large quantities and have many applications (as refrigerants, medicines, organic solvents, aerosol propellants, and reaction media).
This paper is part of an ongoing research effort to measure and characterize the properties of mixtures containing halogenated hydrocarbons. This includes measuring the densities, refractive indices, viscosities, and (vapor + liquid) equilibria for such mixtures. We present here densities, excess molar volumes, refractive indices, and changes in the refractive index on mixing for the binary mixtures of {1,1,2,2-tetrabromoethane + 1-alkanol} at the temperatures of 293.15 K and 303.15 K. Although the physical properties data of the pure 1-alkanols are available in the literature [1], [2], to the best of our knowledge, not much data are available for 1,1,2,2-tetrabromoethane in literature, and no experimental data are reported for its mixtures with 1-alkanols at the comparable conditions of this study.
Section snippets
Materials
The 1,1,2,2-tetrabromoethane was supplied by Merck Chemicals and 1-pentanol, 1-hexanol, 1-heptanol, 1-octanol, and 1-decanol were supplied by Fluka Chemicals Co. The purities of these substances ranged from 0.990 to 0.995 by mass fraction according to gas chromatographic analysis Varian GC (star 3400 cx) using a (Cp-Select 75 m, 0.53 mm) (WCOT fused silica 50 m long, 0.32 mm. diameter) capillary column, respectively, and a FID (flame ionization detector). All components were used without further
Results and discussion
The densities, excess molar volumes, refractive indices, and changes in refractive index on mixing are listed in table 2. The excess molar volumes of the binary mixtures, shown in figure 1, were computed from the density measurements by using the following equation:where ρ is the density of the mixture, ρi is the density of pure component i, xi is the mole fraction, Mi is the molar mass of component i, and N stands for the number of components in the mixture. Excess molar
Acknowledgements
The authors thank Ms. Preema B.A. Pinto and Mr. Abdullah M.K. Shoukair for their contributions in the experimental part of this project.
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