Densities, excess molar volumes, and refractive indices of 1,1,2,2-tetrabromoethane and 1-alkanols binary mixtures

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jct.2005.11.012Get rights and content

Abstract

Densities, excess molar volumes, refractive indices, and changes in refractive index on mixing for (1,1,2,2-tetrabromoethane + 1-pentanol, or 1-hexanol, or 1-heptanol, or 1-octanol, or 1-decanol) have been determined at T = 293.15 K and at T = 303.15 K. The excess molar volumes and changes in refractive index have been fitted to Redlich–Kister polynomials. The effect of the chain length of the 1-alkanol on the excess molar volume and the change in the refractive index of its mixtures with 1,1,2,2-tetrabromoethane are discussed. In addition, the refractive indices are compared with calculated values using mixing rules proposed by several authors, and a good agreement is obtained.

Introduction

Halogenated hydrocarbons are manufactured in large quantities and have many applications (as refrigerants, medicines, organic solvents, aerosol propellants, and reaction media).

This paper is part of an ongoing research effort to measure and characterize the properties of mixtures containing halogenated hydrocarbons. This includes measuring the densities, refractive indices, viscosities, and (vapor + liquid) equilibria for such mixtures. We present here densities, excess molar volumes, refractive indices, and changes in the refractive index on mixing for the binary mixtures of {1,1,2,2-tetrabromoethane + 1-alkanol} at the temperatures of 293.15 K and 303.15 K. Although the physical properties data of the pure 1-alkanols are available in the literature [1], [2], to the best of our knowledge, not much data are available for 1,1,2,2-tetrabromoethane in literature, and no experimental data are reported for its mixtures with 1-alkanols at the comparable conditions of this study.

Section snippets

Materials

The 1,1,2,2-tetrabromoethane was supplied by Merck Chemicals and 1-pentanol, 1-hexanol, 1-heptanol, 1-octanol, and 1-decanol were supplied by Fluka Chemicals Co. The purities of these substances ranged from 0.990 to 0.995 by mass fraction according to gas chromatographic analysis Varian GC (star 3400 cx) using a (Cp-Select 75 m, 0.53 mm) (WCOT fused silica 50 m long, 0.32 mm. diameter) capillary column, respectively, and a FID (flame ionization detector). All components were used without further

Results and discussion

The densities, excess molar volumes, refractive indices, and changes in refractive index on mixing are listed in table 2. The excess molar volumes of the binary mixtures, shown in figure 1, were computed from the density measurements by using the following equation:VE=i=1NxiMi(ρ-1-ρi-1),where ρ is the density of the mixture, ρi is the density of pure component i, xi is the mole fraction, Mi is the molar mass of component i, and N stands for the number of components in the mixture. Excess molar

Acknowledgements

The authors thank Ms. Preema B.A. Pinto and Mr. Abdullah M.K. Shoukair for their contributions in the experimental part of this project.

References (6)

  • A.J. Treszczanowicz et al.

    J. Chem. Thermodyn.

    (1981)
  • Thermodynamics Research Center, TRC Tables, Thermodynamic Tables, Houston, TX, Tables 23-2-(1-1000)-d,...
There are more references available in the full text version of this article.

Cited by (7)

  • Densities, viscosities, refractive indices and excess properties of ortho- and meta-chloroaniline with 2-alkoxyethanols at 303.15 K

    2013, Journal of Molecular Liquids
    Citation Excerpt :

    In the present investigation the molar volumes of 2-ME, 2-EE, 2-BE, o-chloroaniline and m-chloroaniline are 79.654 × 10− 6, 97.902 × 10− 6, 132.447 × 10− 6, 106.123 × 10− 6 and 105.617 × 10− 6 cm3.mol− 1. The size difference between the constituent molecules is the main contributing factor for volume additive of one into another [43–45]. Tables 6 and 7 show the values of adjustable parameters and standard deviations of Redlich–Kister polynomial equations.

View all citing articles on Scopus
View full text