Volumetric, acoustic, and viscometric studies of molecular interactions in binary mixtures of diethylene glycol monomethyl ether with 1-alkanols at temperatures from (293.15 to 308.15) K

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Abstract

In this work, densities ρ, speeds of sound u, and viscosities η, have been measured over the whole composition range for the binary mixtures of diethylene glycol monomethyl ether (DEGMME), CH3(OCH2CH2)2OH with 1-hexanol, CH3(CH2)5OH, 1-octanol, CH3(CH2)7OH, and 1-decanol, CH3(CH2)9OH at T = (293.15, 298.15, 303.15, and 308.15) K along with the properties of the pure components. By using the experimental values of ρ, u, and η, excess molar volume, VmE, deviations in viscosity, Δη, isentropic compressibility κS, deviations in isentropic compressibility ΔκS, deviations of the speed of sound Δu, have been calculated. The viscosity results have also been analysed in terms of some semi-empirical equations.

Introduction

Specific molecular interactions in liquid mixtures can be deduced from measurements of excess properties. The systematic investigations of these excess properties are therefore of great importance. The compound DEGMME, commonly known as 2-(2-methoxyethoxy) ethanol, is a widely used industrial solvent. From a theoretical point of view, mixtures containing hydroxyethers are very important, not only because of their self-association but also due to the strong intramolecular effects which is produced by the presence of –O– and –OH groups in the same molecule [1]. Physicochemical and thermodynamic investigations play an important role in helping to understand the nature and the extent of the patterns of molecular aggregation that exist in binary liquid mixtures and their sensitivities to variations in composition and the molecular structure of the pure components. The experimental values of excess thermodynamic properties of liquid mixtures provide useful information about molecular interactions and can be used to test thermodynamic models. The DEGMME binary mixtures with 1-hexanol, 1-octanol, and 1-decanol help us to understand the effect of the increasing chain length in alkanol molecules on the excess thermodynamic properties. Ethers and 1-alkanols are also used in the chemical industry as a solvent for oils and petrol and are used in gasoline formulation as enhancement of octane rating or fuel additives. Investigations into the literature have shown that excess properties of binary mixtures containing ethers have previously been studied by several authors (Pal et al. [2], [3], [4], [5], [6], [7], Tovar et al. [8], and Cobos et al. [9]).

We report in this paper the measurements on density ρ, speed of sound u, and viscosity η of binary mixtures containing CH3(OCH2CH2)2OH with CH3(CH2)5OH, CH3(CH2)7OH, and CH3(CH2)9OH at T = (293.15, 298.15, 303.15, and 308.15) K and atmospheric pressure over the whole composition range. Using the experimental values of ρ, u, and η, the excess functions and deviations such as VmE, Δη, ΔκS, and Δu have been calculated. The aim of this work is to provide databases for the characterization of molecular interactions in the present binaries and also to study the effect of alcohol chain-length as well as temperature on molecular interactions during mixing.

Section snippets

Experimental

The diethylene glycol monomethyl ether, 1-hexanol, 1-octanol, and 1-decanol (all SD Fine Chemicals, India, HPLC, spectroscopic & analytical grade) were stored over sodium hydroxide pellets for several days and fractionally distilled twice [10], [11]. The middle fraction of the distillate was used. Prior to experimental measurements, all liquids were stored in dark bottles over 0.4 nm molecular sieves to reduce water content, and were partially degassed with a vacuum pump under a nitrogen

Results and discussion

The experimental results for density, speed of sound, and excess functions and deviations such as VmE, ΔκS, and Δu of all the binary mixtures of DEGMME are summarized in TABLE 2, TABLE 3, TABLE 4. The excess molar volumes of the binary mixtures were computed by applying the following equation:VmE=i=1xiMi(ρ-1-ρi-1),where Mi and ρi are the molar mass and density of pure component, respectively, and ρ is the density of the mixture.

The isentropic compressibility κS, deviations in isentropic

Conclusions

In this paper, an attempt is made to report new measurements of density, speed of sound and viscosity at T = (293.15 to 308.15) K over the entire range of mixture composition for (DEGMME + 1-hexanol, 1-octanol, and 1-decanol). Various excess properties and deviations (VmE, Δη, Δu, and ΔκS) calculated using experimental results support the existence of weak dispersive forces in these types of mixtures.

Acknowledgement

Financial support for the work (Letter No. F. 14-2(SC)/2008 (SA-III) dated 31-03-2009) by the Government of India through University Grants Commission (UGC), New Delhi, is gratefully acknowledged.

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