Densities, viscosities, speed of sound, and IR spectroscopic studies of binary mixtures of tert-butyl acetate with benzene, methylbenzene, and ethylbenzene at T = (298.15 and 308.15) K

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Abstract

Densities, viscosities, speed of sound, and IR spectroscopy of binary mixtures of tert-butyl acetate (TBA) with benzene, methylbenzene, and ethylbenzene have been measured over the entire range of composition, at (298.15 and 308.15) K and at atmospheric pressure. From the experimental values of density, viscosity, speed of sound, and IR spectroscopy; excess molar volumes VE, deviations in viscosity Δη, deviations in isentropic compressibility Δκs and stretching frequency ν have been calculated. The excess molar volumes and deviations in isentropic compressibility are positive for the binaries studied over the whole composition, while deviations in viscosities are negative for the binary mixtures. The excess molar volumes, deviations in viscosity, and deviations in isentropic compressibility have been fitted to the Redlich–Kister polynomial equation. The Jouyban–Acree model is used to correlate the experimental values of density, viscosity, and speed of sound.

Highlights

► Densities, viscosities and speed of sound for the benzene + benzenes with tert-butyl acetate at T = (298.15 and 308.15) K is reported. ► IR spectra at room temperature are recorded to support observations from other studies. ► The experimental observations are explained on the basis of molecular interaction between the constituent binaries.

Introduction

The molecular shape and size play an important role in determining the thermodynamic behavior of mixtures. Studies on thermodynamic and transport properties of binary liquid mixtures provide information on the nature of interactions in the constituent binaries. Literature provides extensive data on the density and viscosity of liquid mixtures but a combined study of density, viscosity, speed of sound, and IR study is quite scarce. The effect of molecular size, shape, chain length, and chain branching of alkyl acetates on solute–solvent interaction were reported by Sakurai et al. [1]. The interaction between esters and hydrocarbons were reported [2] for the binary mixtures of butyl acetate with aromatic hydrocarbons. We now report the density, viscosity, and speed of sound data for the binary mixtures of TBA with benzene, methylbenzene, and ethylbenzene at (298.15 and 308.15) K.

The electron withdrawing groups increase IR absorption frequency while electron donating groups lower IR absorption frequency. We have attempted to study the physico-chemical properties of the mixtures indicated above, in order to explain the strength and nature of the interactions between the components by deriving various thermodynamic parameters from viscosity, density, speed of sound data, and spectroscopic study.

Section snippets

Experimental

Benzene and methylbenzene (Sisco Research Lab Pvt. Ltd., purity > 0.997), ethyl benzene (Otto Kemi, purity > 0.99), and tert-butyl acetate (TBA) (Spectrochem Pvt. Ltd., purity > 0.99) were used after single distillation. The purity of the solvents, after purification, was ascertained by comparing their densities, viscosities, and speed of sound with the corresponding literature values at (298.15 and 308.15) K (table 1). Binary mixtures were prepared by mass in air tight stoppered glass bottles. The

Results and discussion

Experimental values of densities ρ, viscosities η, and speed of sound u of mixtures at (298.15 and 308.15) K are listed as a function of mole fraction in table 2. The density values have been used to calculate excess molar volumes VE using the following equationVE/(cm3·mol-1)=(x1M1+x2M2)/ρ12-(x1M1/ρ1)-(x2M2/ρ2),where ρ12 is the density of the mixture and x1, M1, ρ1, and x2, M2, ρ2 are the mole fraction, the molecular weight, and the density of pure components 1 and 2, respectively.

The viscosity

Acknowledgment

Authors thank Principal, Dr. D.F. Shirude, M.S.G. College, Malegaon-Camp for the facilities provided.

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