Densities, viscosities, and isobaric heat capacities of the system (1-butanol + cyclohexane) at high pressures

doi:10.1016/j.jct.2014.01.020

The Journal of Chemical Thermodynamics

Volume 74, July 2014, Pages 153-160

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jct.2014.01.020 Get rights and content

Highlights

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The densities of cyclohexane and its mixtures with 1-butanol were measured.
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The excess molar volumes were calculated and correlated.
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The viscosities were measured at atmospheric pressure.
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The isobaric heat capacities were measured at p = (0.1 to 25) MPa at T = (293.15 and 313.15) K.
•
A positive deviation from the ideal behavior is observed.

Abstract

The cyclohexane and the system of 1-butanol + cyclohexane have been characterized using densities, viscosities and isobaric heat capacities measurements. For that, the densities were measured in a high-pressure vibrating tube densimeter at five temperatures from (293.15 to 333.15) K and pressures up to 100 MPa. The measurements were correlated with the empirical Tamman–Tait equation.

Moreover, the isobaric heat capacities of the binary system were measured in a high-pressure automated flow calorimeter at T = (293.15 and 313.15) K and pressures up to 25 MPa for pure cyclohexane and in admixture with 1-butanol. The excess molar heat capacities were assessed for the mixture and a positive deviation from the ideality was obtained, except for a small part in the region rich in alkanol.

The viscosity measurements were carried out, at the calorimeter conditions, for correcting the experimental values of isobaric heat capacities due to friction along the tube. The viscosity was measured at atmospheric pressure in a Stabinger Anton Paar SVM 3000 viscometer in the temperature range of (293.15 to 333.15) K for cyclohexane and the mixtures. At high pressure, the viscosities were estimated using Lucas method.

Introduction

The increasing production and use of biofuels are a direct consequence of the European Commission and National legal acts, encouraging such production and the use of biofuels [1]. The knowledge of the thermophysical properties of these biofuels is of great importance scientifically and in particular for engineering purposes.

Numerous technologies for new generation of biofuels are being developed to produce more sustainable ones; they use different biocomponents like cellulosic ethanol, biobutanol and algae biofuels. The production of butanol from biomass and its utilization as fuel has the potential to reduce the petroleum consumption worldwide, as well as to significantly reduce the green house gas emissions and to achieve sustainability.

Recent work demonstrated that butanol can work in the internal combustion of engine designed to be use with gasoline without modification [2], but can also be blended with conventional fuel. This study focuses on the thermodynamic characterization of a new blend of 1-butanol and cyclohexane using volumetric and isobaric heat capacities measurements in order to continue the contribution to this international effort towards development and use of environmental sustainable fuels.

Section snippets

Materials

1-Butanol and cyclohexane were purchased from Sigma–Aldrich, and all of the compounds were of the highest purity available, chromatography quality reagent (of series puriss. p.a.) with a purity >0.995 by gas chromatography, GC. They were used as provided and were also checked by gas chromatography using a HP 7890 gas chromatograph with a FID detector and checked using a Mettler Toledo C20 coulometric Karl Fischer titrator. Their mole fractions were higher than 0.997 and the quantity of water

Results and discussion

The experimental density data are presented in table 2 for cyclohexane, the data for 1-butanol were published previously [4], and in table 3 for the binary system {1-butanol (x) + cyclohexane (1 − x)}. They are presented along five isotherms and nine isobars at pressures up to 40 MPa, except for the cyclohexane to keep it in the liquid state. The densities of cyclohexane at several pressures and temperatures are presented graphically in figure 1.

The average absolute relative deviations can be

Conclusions

The densities of cyclohexane and nine compositions of the binary system {1-butanol + cyclohexane} have been measured with a high pressure vibrating tube densimeter in the temperature range from (293.15 to 333.15) K, up to 40 MPa for pure compound and up to 100 MPa for the mixture with an standard uncertainty of ±3.5 · 10⁻⁴ g · cm⁻³. These data have been used to derive the excess molar volumes. A volume expansion occurs for this binary system when 1-butanol and cyclohexane are mixed.

The isobaric heat

Acknowledgments

This paper is part of the Doctoral Thesis of G. Torín Ollarves. The authors are grateful for financial support from the Spanish Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (MICINN) for Project ENE2009-14644-C02-01 and the Project Erasmus Mundus VECCEU Lot. 19 for their grants.

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Densities, viscosities, and isobaric heat capacities of the system (1-butanol + cyclohexane) at high pressures

Highlights

Abstract

Introduction

Section snippets

Materials

Results and discussion

Conclusions

Acknowledgments

Fuel

J. Chem. Thermodyn.

J. Chem. Thermodyn.

J. Supercrit. Fluids

J. Chem. Thermodyn.

Fluid Phase Equilib.

Fluid Phase Equilib.

J. Chem. Thermodyn.

J. Chem. Thermodyn.

J. Chem. Thermodyn.

J. Chem. Thermodyn.

J. Chem. Thermodyn.

J. Mol. Liq.

J. Chem. Thermodyn.

J. Chem. Thermodyn.

J. Chem. Thermodyn.

Transport