FT-IR studies and excess thermodynamic properties of binary liquid mixtures 2-(2-butoxyethoxy) ethanol with 1-hexanol, 1-octanol and 1-decanol at different temperatures
Introduction
The binary liquid mixtures due to their unusual behaviour have been attracted considerable attention because they exhibit various phenomena that cannot be found in pure substance. Upon mixing the liquid mixtures might produce fascinating properties due to specific interaction, H-bond effects [1], [2], [3]. Thermo physical properties plays a significant role to study the molecular interactions and arrangements through the mixing deviation from ideality [4]. The dual functionality present in alkoxy alkanols make them account for their unique solvency properties [5], [6], [7]. 2-(2-Butoxyethoxy) ethanol is an important organic solvent with extensive use as additive for jet fuel to prevent ice build-up fixative for perfumes, germicides, bactericides, insects repellent and antiseptic [8], [9], [10]. Alcohols also play an important role in industry and laboratory as reagents and attract great attention as useful solvents in the green technology. The binary mixtures containing 2-(2-butoxyethanol) ethanol are interesting because they find applications in many biological, environmental and industrial fields [11], [12], [13]. The present work is a continuation of systematic studies on thermo physical and spectroscopic properties of binary liquid mixtures of alkoxy alkanols and alcohols.In an effort to make a comprehensive study, we measure the density ρ and speed of sound u for the binary liquid mixtures containing 2-(2-butoxyethoxy) ethanol with alcohols at temperatures of (293.15, 298.15, 303.15, 308.15 and 313.15) K over the entire composition range. The evaluated properties from experimental data have been construed in terms of the difference in the size of the molecule as well as the strength of specific and non-specific interactions between components of the mixture. Further, measurements of excess thermodynamic properties are found to be greatly significant in studying the structural changes associated with the liquids. They also provide important information about molecular packing, molecular motion, various types of intermolecular interactions and their strength influenced by the size, shape and the chemical nature of component molecules [14]. The excess functions and their deviations have also been correlated using Redlich-Kister type polynomial equation by the method of least-squares for the estimation of the binary coefficients and the standard deviations. The FT-IR technique has been used to scrutinize the –OH interactions between the binary mixtures and inestimable to spot the influence on the structural variation in the alcohols.
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Materials
2-(2-Butoxyethoxy) ethanol was obtained from Sigma Aldrich, USA. All alcohols i.e. 1-hexanol (Analytical reagent grade), 1-octanol (Analytical reagent grade), 1-decanol (Laboratory reagent grade) were procured from SD Fine Chemicals, India. All the chemicals were fractionally distilled and dried over 0.4 nm molecular sieves. The provenance and mass fraction purities tested by gas chromatography were reported in Table 1. The purities of solvents were further ascertained by comparing their
Results and discussion
Following are the equations adopted for calculating the properties from the measured properties. The experimental values of density are used to calculate the excess molar volumes, of the mixtures as:where ρ is the density of the mixture and xi, Mi and ρi are the mole fraction, molar mass and density of pure component i, respectively. The molar isentropic compressibility, KS,m was calculated from the relation:where κ is the molar volume, Δ
Conclusions
The intermolecular interactions between 2-(2-butoxyethoxy) ethanol and higher alcohols are established through thermos-physical and spectral studies. Thermodynamic, acoustical parameters and their excess properties are calculated for these systems. Thermo-physical studies are further evidenced by FT-IR studies. Hence, a cerebral conclusion can be made that physical forces are dominating over chemical forces except in case of 1-hexanol where later forces are dominated on former. Thermodynamic
Acknowledgement
The authors wish to express their gratitude to the University Grants Commission, New Delhi, India for providing financial support for this work (Grant No. F. 39-745/2010 (SR) dated 11/01/2011).
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