Elsevier

Thermochimica Acta

Volume 495, Issues 1–2, 10 November 2009, Pages 139-148
Thermochimica Acta

Densities, viscosities, excess molar volumes, and refractive indices of acetonitrile and 2-alkanols binary mixtures at different temperatures: Experimental results and application of the Prigogine–Flory–Patterson theory

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tca.2009.06.015Get rights and content

Abstract

Densities, viscosities, and refractive indices of mixing of acetonitrile with 2-propanol, 2-butanol, 2-pentanol, 2-hexanol and 2-heptanol, have been measured as a function of composition at 293.15, 298.15, 303.15 and 308.15 K and ambient pressure. The excess molar volumes, viscosity and refractive index deviations calculated and fitted to Redlich–Kister polynomials. From the experimental data, partial molar volumes, V¯m,i and partial molar volumes at infinite dilution, Vm,io¯ were also calculated. The latter values are interesting from a theoretical point of view since at infinite dilution the only interactions present are solute solvent interactions. For mixtures of acetonitrile with used 2-alkanols, over the entire range of mole fractions, Δη is negative and both, VmE and ΔnD are positive. The effect of temperature and chain-length of the 2-alkanols on the excess molar volumes, viscosity and refractive index deviations of its mixtures with acetonitrile are discussed in terms of molecular interaction between unlike molecules. The experimental results have been used to test the applicability of the Prigogine–Flory–Patterson (PFP) theory.

Introduction

The thermodynamic and transport properties of liquids and liquid mixtures have been used to understand the molecular interactions between the components of the mixture and also for engineering applications concerning heat transfer, mass transfer and fluid flow [1]. Density, viscosity and refractive index data of binary liquid mixtures are very important from theoretical point of view, to understand liquid theory. Acetonitrile, alkanols, and their binary mixtures find applications as solvent in chemistry and modern technology [2].

A survey of literatures shows that there are very few reports on the density, viscosity, and refractive index of acetonitrile + 2-alkanols. This paper is a part of an ongoing research effort to measure and characterize the properties of mixtures containing 2-alkanols [3], [4], [5]. We present, here, densities, viscosities, refractive indices, excess molar volumes, viscosity and refractive index deviations of mixing for the binary mixtures of {acetonitrile + 2-alkanols} at the temperatures of 293.15, 298.15, 303.15 and 308.15 K. To the best of our knowledge, no much data are reported for mixtures with acetonitrile and 2-alkanols at the comparable conditions of this study.

Section snippets

Materials purities and suppliers

Acetonitrile (mass fraction > 0.99), 2-propanol (mass fraction 0.99), 2-butanol (mass fraction 0.99), 2-pentanol (mass fraction > 99), 2-hexanol (mass fraction > 0.99) and 2-heptanol (mass fraction > 0.99) were purchased from Merck and used without further purifications. The experimental densities, viscosities and refractive indices at 298.15 K of the pure materials are presented in Table 1 along with the corresponding literature values [2], [3], [6], [7], [8].

Apparatus and procedure

Densities of the pure liquids and their

Densities and excess molar volumes

The excess molar volumes of the solutions of molar composition x were calculated from the densities of the pure liquids and their mixtures according to the following equationVmE=i=1NxiMi(ρ1ρi1)where ρ is the density of the mixture, ρi is the density of pure component i, xi is the mole fraction, Mi is the molar mass of component i, and N stands for the number of components in the mixture.

The corresponding VmE values of binary mixtures of [x1 acetonitrile + (1  x1) 2-alkanols] measured at

References (26)

  • H. Iloukhani et al.

    J. Chem. Thermodyn.

    (2006)
  • T.M. Letcher et al.

    J. Chem. Thermodyn.

    (1994)
  • H. Iloukhani et al.

    J. Chem. Thermodyn.

    (2006)
  • A. Ali et al.

    J. Mol. Liq.

    (2006)
  • E.S. Kim et al.

    J. Chem. Eng. Data

    (1988)
  • S.N. Pandharinath et al.

    J. Chem. Eng. Data

    (1998)
  • H. Iloukhani et al.

    Chem. Liq.

    (2004)
  • H. Iloukhani et al.

    J. Chem. Eng. Data

    (2000)
  • J. Canosa et al.

    J. Chem. Eng. Data

    (1998)
  • J.A. Riddick et al.

    Organic Solvents, Physical Properties and Methods of Purification

    (1986)
  • Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, CRC Press, 2000, pp. 180–184 (Section...
  • O.J. Redlich et al.

    Ind. Eng. Chem.

    (1948)
  • H. Michel et al.

    Organic Liquids: Structure, Dynamics and Chemical properties

    (1978)
  • Cited by (85)

    • Density, speed of sound, refractive index and related derived/excess properties of binary mixtures (furfural + dimethyl sulfoxide), (furfural + acetonitrile) and (furfural + sulfolane) at different temperatures

      2021, Journal of Molecular Liquids
      Citation Excerpt :

      The specifications and sources of all chemicals are summarized in Table 1. The purities of the chemicals were also checked by comparing the experimental ρ, u and nD values of the pure components at various temperatures with those available in literature [7,9,14–57] and found to be in good agreement for ρ, u and nD values, respectively, and are collected in Table 2. No further purification of these chemicals was required.

    View all citing articles on Scopus
    View full text