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Mark, Acts and Galilean Christianity

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  05 February 2009

Pierson Parker
Affiliation:
New York, U.S.A.

Extract

Mark and Acts disagree, sometimes quite sharply, about Jesus' career, his teaching, and the faith of the young Church.

Type
Short Studies
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1970

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References

page 295 note 1 Mark i. 24; x. 47; xiv. 67; xvi. 6.

page 295 note 2 Acts ii. 22; iii. 6; xxvi. 9.

page 295 note 3 Mark vi. 3; also iii. 31 f. A D etc.

page 295 note 4 Acts i. 14; xii. 17; xv. 13 ff.; xxi. 18.

page 295 note 5 Acts ii. 14, 22; iii. 11 f., 26; iv. 5, 8, 10 f.; x. 36–9.

page 295 note 6 Acts viii. I, 5–25; ix. 31; xv. 3.

page 295 note 7 Word-counts are my own. They are believed to be accurate though, of course, slight inaccuracies would not alter the over-all result.

page 296 note 1 Acts ii. 45; v. 12; vi. 8; viii. 6, 13; xiv. 3; xv. 12.

page 296 note 2 Acts ii. 42, 46; x. 40 f.; xx. 7–11; xxvii. 33–8.

page 296 note 3 Blass conjectured that Αννας δέ ό άρκıερεύς should be read at Acts v. 17. Cf. E. Nestle, Novum Testamentum Graece, ad loc.

page 296 note 4 Acts x. 37; also ii. 23; iii. 13–15; iv. 10 f., 27; v. 30; vii. 51 f.; xiii. 27–9; xvii. 5 f.

page 296 note 5 Acts ii. 29–31; xiii. 32–7; xvii. 2 f.; xxvi. 22 f.

page 296 note 6 Mark viii. 31 f.; ix. 9 f., 31 f.; x. 32–4; xiv. 28.

page 296 note 7 Acts i. 2–13; iii. 1–26; x. 34–41 ff.; xiii. 30 f.

page 296 note 8 Acts i. 6–12; ii. 32–5; iii. 20 f.; v. 30 f.; xiii. 30–7.

page 296 note 9 Mark xi. 17; xii. 9; xiii. 10.

page 296 note 10 Mark ii. 5 ff.; iv. 39 f.; v. 34; x. 52; xi. 21–3.

page 297 note 1 Acts iii. 16; vi. 7; xi. 22–4; xiii. 8; xv. 8 f.; xvi. 5; xvii. 31; xx. 20 f.; xxiv. 24; xxvi. 15–18.

page 297 note 2 Mark vi. 15; ix. 5, 11, 12, 13.

page 297 note 3 It means Samaria, Acts viii. 9; lands of the Diaspora, ii. 5; the Jewish nation, vii. 7; x. 22; xxiv. 2, 10, 17; xxvi. 4.; xxviii. 19.

page 297 note 4 Acts i. 11 b; iii. 20 f.; x. 42 b; xvii. 31 a; xxiii. 6 b.

page 297 note 5 Mark ii. 10, 28; viii. 31, 38; ix. 9, 12, 17, 31; x. 33, 45; xiii. 26; xiv. 21, 41, 62.

page 297 note 6 Mark ii. 24, 26; iii. 4; vi. 18; x. 2; xii. 14; Acts ii. 29; viii. 37; xxi. 37; xxii. 25.

page 297 note 7 Mark vii. 8 f.; x. 5, 19; xii. 28–31.

page 297 note 8 Also in Acts, the Spirit always comes, in some fashion, at baptism; creates apostolic witness, and the new prophetic age; 'fills' the Lord's followers; and was the agent through whom Jesus worked.

page 297 note 9 Mark iv. 34; vi. 45; vii. 17; viii. 10; ix. 9–29; x. 10; xiv. 12–17, 32.

page 297 note 10 Acts i. 8, 22; ii. 32; iii. 15; iv. 33; v. 32; vi. 13; vii. 58; x. 22, 39, 41, 43; xiii. 22, 31; xiv. 3; xv. 8; xvi. 2; xxii. 5, 12, 16, 18, 20; xxiii. 11; xxvi. 5, 16, 22.

page 297 note 11 It appears in the title of the gospel (i. 1), on the lips of Jesus' enemies (xv. 32), and thrice on Jesus' own lips (ix. 41; xii. 35–7; xiii. 21 f.). In none of these does Jesus unmistakably apply the term to himself.

page 298 note 1 Acts iii. 13, 25 f.; iv. 27 f., 30. At iv. 25, David likewise is called God's ραīς.

page 298 note 2 Acts iv. 1–12, xiii. 26, 47 f.; xvi. 7, xxviii. 28 refer to Christian salvation, vii. 25 to the Exodus, and xxvii. 34 to ‘salvation’ from a shipwreck.

page 298 note 3 Acts ii. 47, xxiv. 27, xxv. 3, 9 refer to human favour, but vii. 10, 46, xi. 23, xiii. 43, xv. 40, iii. 27 to divine grace.

page 298 note 4 It does mention ‘repentance’ through John's baptism, xiii. 24; xix. 24.

page 298 note 5 Acts ii. 38; iii. 18 f.; v. 31; viii. 22; x. 43; xi. 18; xiii. 38 f.; xvii. 30 f.; xx. 20 f.; xxvi. 15, 18 ff.

page 298 note 6 Acts viii. 35; xiii. 20; xv. 19; xvi. 4, 15; xviii. 15 xxi. 25; xxiv. 10.

page 298 note 7 Jewish, Acts vi. 14, xv. 1, xxi. 21; Jewish Christian, xvi. 20 f., xxvi. 3, xxviii. 17.

page 298 note 8 Acts vii. 8; x. 45; xi. 1–3; xv. 1, 5, 24; xvi. 3; xxi. 21.

page 298 note 9 Besides frequent allusions to ‘the prophets’, Acts names Samuel, xiii. 20; David, ii. 30; Joel, ii. 16; Isaiah, viii. 28 ff., xxviii. 25; Jesus, iii. 22 f.; Agabus, xi. 28, xxi. 10; Judas and Silas, xv. 32.

page 298 note 10 Mark i. 2; vi. 4, 15; viii. 28; xi. 32.

page 298 note 11 Acts ii. 23; iv. 28; xiii. 36; xx. 27; xxi. 14; xxii. 14.

page 299 note 1 Luke iv. 44 B D etc.; v. 17; vi. 17; vii. 17; xxii. 39, 52 f.

page 299 note 2 Perhaps Luke's effort to combine conflicting traditions produced the maladroit geography of his central section, ix. 46—xviii. 34.

page 299 note 3 Acts ii. 12, 34; xi. 30.

page 299 note 4 In Markan passages, v. 20; viii. 25, 48; xviii. 42; and non-Markan ones, vii. 9; xvii. 5?, 6, 9.

page 299 note 5 The harlot's faith saves her from sin, not illness, vii. 48 ff. Cf. also Luke xviii. 8; xxii. 31 f.

page 299 note 6 Luke v. 14; ix. 5; xxi. 13; xxii. 17.

page 299 note 7 Witness to the grandeur of the forefathers, xi. 48; to Jesus' words of grace, iv. 22; to his resurrection, and repentance and forgiveness through him, xxiv. 48.

page 299 note 8 Luke vi. 9; xiv. 3; xx. 22.

page 299 note 9 Luke vii. 11; viii. 22; ix. 54; xii. 1; xxii. 11, 39, 45.

page 299 note 10 Luke vi. 13, 17, 20; xiv. 25–33; xix. 37.

page 299 note 11 Luke vi. 37; vii. 43; xi. 19; xii. 57 f.; xviii. 2, 6.

page 299 note 12 At iii. 22, the Alexandrian text follows Mark, the Western follows Acts. At xxiv. 51 it is the reverse, the Alexandrian but not the Western reporting the ascension.

page 300 note 1 Luke ix. 33; xxii. 33 f., 45. The omitted passage is Mark viii. 33.

page 300 note 2 Mark xiii. 20, 22 f., 32, 36 f.

page 300 note 3 Luke xix. 38; xxi. 4; xxii. 69; cf. xxiii. 42 f.

page 300 note 4 John x. 23; Acts iii. 11; v. 12.

page 301 note 1 John vi. 40, 44, 54; xiv. 3, 18; xxi. 22 f.

page 301 note 2 John iv. 1; vi. 60, 66 f.; vii. 3; viii. 30 f.; ix. 27 f.; xix. 38; also iii. 11.

page 301 note 3 John i. 23, 45; vi. 45; viii. 52 f.; xii. 38.

page 301 note 4 John i. 21, 25; iv. 19; vi. 14; vii. 40, 52; ix. 17.

page 301 note 5 John vii. 24; viii. 15; xviii. 31. Of course it says a great deal more about divine judgement: iii. 17–19; v. 22–30; vii. 51; viii. 15 f., 26, 50; xii. 47 f.; xvi. 8, 11.

page 301 note 6 Even to the phrase ‘blood of the covenant’, xxvi. 28.

page 301 note 7 Matt. xxvi. 20 does not actually say that the supper was the meal the disciples had prepared, or that it was eaten in Jerusalem.

page 301 note 8 Matt. xii. 38 f.; xvi. 1–4; xxiv. 3, 24, 30; xxvi. 48.

page 301 note 9 Matt. viii. 4; xvii. 3 f.; xix. 7 f.; xxii. 24; xxiii. 2.

page 301 note 10 Matt. v. 19; xv. 3, 6; xix. 17; xxii. 36–40.

page 301 note 11 Matt. xiv. 31; xvi. 23; xviii. 21 f.

page 301 note 12 Matt. xvi. 21; xvii. 9, 23; xx. 19; xxvi. 32; xxvii. 52 f., 63 f.; xxviii. 6, 7.

page 302 note 1 ρίστıς is undefined at xxiii. 23, but elsewhere has exactly the same meaning as in Mark, even in passages Mark lacks. Cf. Matt. viii. 10, 26; ix. 2, 19, 22; xv. 28; xvii. 20; xxi. 21.

page 302 note 2 Matt. ii. 6; viii. 10; ix. 33; x. 6, 23; xv. 24, 31; xix. 28; xxii. 37; xxvii. 42.

page 302 note 3 Matt. ii. 20 f.; x. 6; xv. 24, 31; xxvii. 9.

page 302 note 4 Matt. vi. 10; vii. 21; xii. 50; xviii. 14; xxi. 31.

page 302 note 5 John does not list the Twelve, and names only seven or eight of them; describes them differently; mentions circumcision, but with no hint of a difficulty; says nothing about repentance, forgiveness, or ‘faith’ (noun); mentions no έθνη or church or covenant; applies Isa. liii not to Jesus’ passion but to Israel's failure; foretells persecutions at the hands of Jews only.

page 303 note 1 Cf. Parker, Pierson, ‘The“Former Treatise”and the Data of Acts’, J.B.L. LXXXIV (1965), 57.Google Scholar

page 303 note 2 This recalls Acts' ignorance of Paul's letters, Josephus, the Neronian persecution, the fall of Jerusalem, the deaths of Peter, Paul, and James ‘the Lord's brother’.

page 303 note 3 R. Schütz, Apostel und Jünger.

page 303 note 4 Lohmeyer, in a prolegomenon to his Commentary on the second gospel, and Lightfoot, in Christian Beginnings, agreed that the Galilean branch was more apocalyptic, the Jerusalem one more messianic in a narrow sense; and that Jerusalem Christianity found Christ's work to have been completed in his resurrection. Yet it was Jerusalem Christianity, not Galilean, that asserted his second coming without equivocation.

page 303 note 5 K. Stendahl, The School of St Matthew.

page 303 note 6 Church Quarterly Review (1953), p. 218.Google Scholar

page 303 note 7 Elliott-Binns, L. E., Galilean Christianity (London, 1956).Google Scholar Binns believes that Galilean Christianity is reflected in the Epistle of James.