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Allelopathic activity of Mexican sunflower (Tithonia diversifolia) in soil

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  12 June 2017

Suthep Tongma ,
Katsuichiro Kobayashi  and
Kenji Usui
Suthep Tongma
Affiliation:
Institute of Applied Biochemistry, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, Japan
Kenji Usui
Affiliation:
Institute of Applied Biochemistry, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, Japan
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Abstract

Laboratory experiments were undertaken to investigate the allelopathic activity of Mexican sunflower in soil as well as to determine the effect of several soil factors on activity. There was a decrease in shoot and root growth of the test plant species when grown in soil previously planted with Mexican sunflower. However, seed germination was not affected. Soil-water separated from the same soil also inhibited shoot and root growth. A water extract from Mexican sunflower leaves applied to soil also reduced shoot and root growth, but the degree of inhibition varied among test plant species. Incorporation of dry Mexican sunflower leaves into soil at the rate of 1 and 2% (w/w) inhibited the growth of rice seedlings. The phytotoxic activity of incorporated leaf residue diminished 4 wk after treatment of soil. The inhibitory effect of a leaf water extract in nonautoclaved soil was less than in autoclaved soil and the phytotoxic effect to rice seedling grown in autoclaved soil was less than in autoclaved sand. It is suggested that the decrease in allelopathic activity of Mexican sunflower extract and its residue in soil is due to the action of soil microorganisms and the soil adsorption of the active components.

Keywords

Southern crabgrass, Digitarla ciliaris (Retz.) Koel., DIGSPMexican sunflower, Tithonia diversifolia (Hemsl.) A. Gray. TITDIrice flatsedge, Cyperus iria L. CYPIRslender amaranth, Amaranthus viridis L. AMAVI; radish, Raphanus sativus L. ‘Comet'; rice, Oryza sativa L. ‘Nipponbare'; sorghum, Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench ‘First sorgo.'Allelopathyphytotoxic effectsoil-waterAMAVICYPIRDIGSPTITDI
Type
Weed Biology and Ecology
Information
Weed Science , Volume 46 , Issue 4 , August 1998 , pp. 432 - 437
Copyright
Copyright © 1998 by the Weed Science Society of America 

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