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Altered Resting-State Frontoparietal Control Network in Children with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  30 April 2015

Hsiang-Yuan Lin Open the ORCID record for Hsiang-Yuan Lin [Opens in a new window] ,
Wen-Yih Isaac Tseng ,
Meng-Chuan Lai ,
Kayako Matsuo  and
Susan Shur-Fen Gau
Hsiang-Yuan Lin
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry, National Taiwan University Hospital and College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
Wen-Yih Isaac Tseng
Affiliation:
Center for Optoelectronic Medicine, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan Graduate Institute of Brain and Mind Sciences, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
Meng-Chuan Lai
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry, National Taiwan University Hospital and College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan Autism Research Centre, Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
Kayako Matsuo
Affiliation:
Center for Optoelectronic Medicine, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan Department of Psychiatry, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Shizuoka, Japan
Susan Shur-Fen Gau*
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry, National Taiwan University Hospital and College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan Graduate Institute of Brain and Mind Sciences, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
*
Correspondence and reprint requests to: Susan Shur-Fen Gau, Department of Psychiatry, National Taiwan University Hospital & College of Medicine, No. 7, Chung-Shan South Road, Taipei 10002, Taiwan. E-mail: gaushufe@ntu.edu.tw
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Abstract

The frontoparietal control network, anatomically and functionally interposed between the dorsal attention network and default mode network, underpins executive control functions. Individuals with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) commonly exhibit deficits in executive functions, which are mainly mediated by the frontoparietal control network. Involvement of the frontoparietal control network based on the anterior prefrontal cortex in neurobiological mechanisms of ADHD has yet to be tested. We used resting-state functional MRI and seed-based correlation analyses to investigate functional connectivity of the frontoparietal control network in a sample of 25 children with ADHD (7–14 years; mean 9.94±1.77 years; 20 males), and 25 age-, sex-, and performance IQ-matched typically developing (TD) children. All participants had limited in-scanner head motion. Spearman’s rank correlations were used to test the associations between altered patterns of functional connectivity with clinical symptoms and executive functions, measured by the Conners’ Continuous Performance Test and Spatial Span in the Cambridge Neuropsychological Test Automated Battery. Compared with TD children, children with ADHD demonstrated weaker connectivity between the right anterior prefrontal cortex (PFC) and the right ventrolateral PFC, and between the left anterior PFC and the right inferior parietal lobule. Furthermore, this aberrant connectivity of the frontoparietal control network in ADHD was associated with symptoms of impulsivity and opposition-defiance, as well as impaired response inhibition and attentional control. The findings support potential integration of the disconnection model and the executive dysfunction model for ADHD. Atypical frontoparietal control network may play a pivotal role in the pathophysiology of ADHD. (JINS, 2015, 21, 271–284)

Keywords

Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorderFrontoparietal control networkResting-state functional connectivityExecutive functionsResting-state fMRIAnterior prefrontal cortexOpposition-defiance
Type
Research Articles
Information
Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society , Volume 21 , Supplement 4 , April 2015 , pp. 271 - 284
Copyright
Copyright © The International Neuropsychological Society 2015 

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