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Taking It at “Face Value”: The Use of Face Processing Strategies in Bipolar Disorder and Schizophrenia

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  03 June 2016

Nicole Joshua ,
Tamsyn E. Van Rheenen ,
David J Castle  and
Susan L. Rossell
Nicole Joshua
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia (TVR at Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre)
Tamsyn E. Van Rheenen*
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia (TVR at Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre) Brain and Psychological Sciences Research Centre (BPsyC), Faculty of Health, Arts and Design, School of Health Sciences, Swinburne University, Melbourne, Australia Cognitive Neuropsychiatry Laboratory, Monash Alfred Psychiatry Research Centre (MAPrc), The Alfred Hospital and Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
David J Castle
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia (TVR at Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre) Department of Psychiatry, St Vincent’s Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
Susan L. Rossell
Affiliation:
Brain and Psychological Sciences Research Centre (BPsyC), Faculty of Health, Arts and Design, School of Health Sciences, Swinburne University, Melbourne, Australia Cognitive Neuropsychiatry Laboratory, Monash Alfred Psychiatry Research Centre (MAPrc), The Alfred Hospital and Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia Department of Psychiatry, St Vincent’s Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
*
Correspondence and reprint requests to: Tamsyn Van Rheenen, Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, Level 3, Alan Gilbert Building, 161 Barry St, Carlton, Vic 3053, Australia. E-mail: tamsyn.van@unimelb.edu.au
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Abstract

Objectives: Use of appropriate face processing strategies is important for facial emotion recognition, which is known to be impaired in schizophrenia (SZ) and bipolar disorder (BD). There is preliminary evidence of abnormalities in the use of face processing strategies in the former, but there has been no explicit attempt to assess face processing in patients with BD. Methods: Twenty-eight BD I, 28 SZ, and 28 healthy control participants completed tasks assessing featural and configural face processing. The facial inversion effect was used as a proxy of second order configural face processing and compared to featural face processing performance (which is known to be relatively less affected by facial inversion). Results: Controls demonstrated the usual second-order inversion pattern. In the BD group, the absence of a second-order configural inversion effect in the presence of a disproportionate bias toward a featural inversion effect was evident. Despite reduced accuracy performance in the SZ group compared to controls, this group unexpectedly showed a normal second-order configural accuracy inversion pattern. This was in the context of a reverse inversion effect for response latency, suggesting a speed-versus-accuracy trade-off. Conclusions: To our knowledge, this is the first study to explicitly examine and contrast face processing in BD and SZ. Our findings indicate a generalized impairment on face processing tasks in SZ, and the presence of a second-order configural face processing impairment in BD. It is possible that these face processing impairments represent a catalyst for the facial emotion recognition deficits that are commonly reported in the literature. (JINS, 2016, 22, 652–661)

Keywords

Facial emotion recognitionEmotion processingPsychosisEuthymiaBipolar ICognitionNeuropsychologyMental illnessMood disorder
Type
Research Articles
Information
Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society , Volume 22 , Issue 6 , July 2016 , pp. 652 - 661
Copyright
Copyright © The International Neuropsychological Society 2016 

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