Hostname: page-component-6b989bf9dc-g5k2d Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-04-14T20:21:23.278Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Factors Associated with Preventive Care Utilisation among Chinese Older Adults: Evidence from the 2018 Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  11 April 2022

Yen-Han Lee*
Affiliation:
Missouri State University, Springfield, MO, U.S.A. E-mail: yil5050@bu.edu
Yen-Chang Chang
Affiliation:
National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu City, Taiwan. E-mail: yenchang@mx.nthu.edu.tw
Mack Shelley
Affiliation:
Iowa State University, Ames, IA, U.S.A. E-mail: mshelley@iastate.edu
Ching-Ti Liu
Affiliation:
Boston University, Boston, MA, U.S.A. E-mail: ctliu@bu.edu
*
Corresponding author: Yen-Han Lee, E-mail: yil5050@bu.edu.

Abstract

This research examined the sociodemographic factors associated with preventive care utilisation among Chinese older adults. Using the latest 2018 wave of the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey (CLHLS), preventive care utilisation was defined as an annual physical examination. In the final study sample, approximately 69 per cent of the older adults had a physical examination annually. Older adults who had received a high level of formal education (eleven years or above) were more likely to use preventive care (all p < 0.01). Participants with a rural social health scheme and residing in rural areas were also more likely to use preventive care (all p < 0.05). For the interaction effect, rural older adults who could not afford healthcare expenses were less likely to use preventive care (AOR = 0.37, 95 per cent CI: 0.16, 0.84). More reforms should be directed toward reducing social disparities regarding preventive care utilisation.

Type
Article
Copyright
© The Author(s), 2022. Published by Cambridge University Press

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Aquino, J. (2021) Package ‘Descr’, https://cran.r-project.org/web/packages/descr/descr.pdf, [accessed 01.05.2021].Google Scholar
Barker, W. H., Zimmer, J. G., Hall, W. J., Ruff, B. C., Freundlich, C. B. and Eggert, G. M. (1994) ‘Rates, patterns, causes, and costs of hospitalization of nursing home residents: a population-based study’, American Journal of Public Health, 84, 10, 1615–20.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Birtwhistle, R., Bell, N. R., Thombs, B. D., Grad, R. and Dickinson, J. A. (2017) ‘Periodic preventive health visits: a more appropriate approach to delivering preventive services: from the Canadian Task Force on Preventive Health Care’, Canadian Family Physician Medecin de Famille Canadien, 63, 11, 824–6.Google ScholarPubMed
Bloom, G. (2011) ‘Building institutions for an effective health system: lessons from China’s experience with rural health reform’, Social Science and Medicine, 72, 8, 1302–9.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Blumenthal, D. and Hsiao, W. (2015) ‘Lessons from the East - China’s rapidly evolving health care system’, New England Journal of Medicine, 72, 14, 1281–5.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cameron, K.A., Song, J., Manheim, L. M. and Dunlop, D.D. (2010) ‘Gender disparities in health and healthcare use among older adults’, Journal of Women’s Health, 19, 9, 1643–50.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Chen, S., Zhang, Y., Wang, Y. T. and Liu, X. L. (2016) ‘Traditional Chinese mind and body exercises for promoting balance ability of old adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis’, Evidence-Based Complement Alternative Medicine, 7137362, DOI: doi.org/10.1155/2016/7137362.Google Scholar
Dong, W., Gao, J., Zhou, Z., Bai, R., Wu, Y., Su, M., Shen, C., Lan, X. and Wang, X. (2018) ‘Effects of China’s urban basic health insurance on preventive care service utilization and health behaviors: evidence from the China Health and Nutrition Survey’, PloS One, 13, 12, e0209890.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Fletcher, J. M. and Frisvold, D. E. (2009) ‘Higher Education and health investments: does more schooling affect preventive health care use?’, Journal of Human Capital, 3, 2, 144–76.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Gu, F., Liu, X., Qi, L., Xu, X. and Zeng, Z. (2021) ‘Financial and social impacts of drug price changes: evidence from 2017 healthcare reform in Liaoning Province, China’, The International Journal of Health Planning and Management, 36, 6, 2215–30.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Guo, Y., Shi, H., Yu, D. and Qiu, P. (2016) ‘Health benefits of traditional Chinese sports and physical activity for older adults: a systematic review of evidence’, Journal of Sport and Health Science, 5, 3, 270–80.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Huang, C., Liu, C. J., Pan, X. F., Liu, X. and Li, N. X. (2016) ‘Correlates of unequal access to preventive care in China: a multilevel analysis of national data from the 2011 China Health and Nutrition Survey’, BMC Health Services Research, 16, 177.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Jing, L., Chen, R., Jing, L., Qiao, Y., Lou, J., Xu, J., Wang, J., Chen, W. and Sun, X. (2017) ‘Development and enrolee satisfaction with basic medical insurance in China: a systematic review and stratified cluster sampling survey’, International Journal of Health Planning and Management, 32, 3, 285–98.Google ScholarPubMed
Kim, E. S., Kubzansky, L. D. and Smith, J. (2015) ‘Life satisfaction and use of preventive health care services’, Health Psychology, 34, 7, 779–82.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Lee, J. S. (2010) ‘Channels of health communications used among Korean and Asian Indian older adults’, Social Work in Health Care, 49, 2,165–75.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Lee, Y. H., Chang, Y. C. and Liu, C. T. (2019) ‘Preventative care utilization and associated health-related measurements among older adults following the 2009 health reform in China’, The International Journal of Health Planning and Management, 34, 2, e1135e1148.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Lee, Y. H., Chang, Y. C., Wang, Y. T. and Shelley, M. (2020) ‘Have the Chinese older adults received adequate healthcare services since the 2009 Health Reform? Examining the socioeconomic disparity in receiving adequate healthcare’, Healthcare (Basel), 8, 3, 208.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Lee, Y. H., Chiang, T. and Liu, C. T. (2018a) ‘Residents’ educational attainment and preventive care utilization in China’, International Journal of Health Care Quality Assurance, 31, 1, 4151.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Lee, Y. H., Chiang, T., Shelley, M. and Liu, C. T. (2018b) ‘Chinese residents’ educational disparity and social insurance coverage’, International Journal of Health Care Quality Assurance, 31, 7, 746–56.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Liu, C. and Bryson, S. A. (2017) ‘Why informally employed Chinese women do not go to the doctor’, Health Promotion International, 32, 3, 558–66.Google ScholarPubMed
Liu, X., Li, N., Liu, C., Ren, X., Liu, D., Gao, B. and Liu, Y. (2016) ‘Urban-rural disparity in utilization of preventive care services in China’, Medicine (Baltimore), 95, 37, e4783.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Liu, Z., Albanese, E., Li, S., Huang, Y., Ferri, C. P., Yan, F., Sousa, R., Dang, W. and Prince, M. (2009) ‘Chronic disease prevalence and care among the elderly in urban and rural Beijing, China - a 10/66 Dementia Research Group cross-sectional survey’, BMC Public Health, 9, 394.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lum, Y. S. and Chang, H. J. (1998) ‘The effect of Medicaid coverage on use of health services by low-income elderly people’, Social Work Research, 22, 1, 3143.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ma, S., Shi, J. and Li, L. (2019)’ Dilemmas in caring for older adults in Zhejiang Province, China: a qualitative study’, BMC Public Health, 19, 1, 311.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
SCMP Editorial (2017) ‘Preventive health care is an investment, not a burden’, South China Morning Post, 1 January, https://www.scmp.com/comment/insight-opinion/article/2058574/preventive-health-care-investment-not-burden [accessed 13.02.2020].Google Scholar
Shi, J., Shi, L., Geng, J., Liu, R., Gong, X., Bo, X., Chen, N., Liu, Q., Yang, Y. and Wang, Z. (2019) ‘Status of evidence-based chronic diseases prevention implementation in Shanghai, China: a qualitative study’, The International Journal of Health Planning and Management, 34, 3, 912–25.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Song, J., Chang, R. W., Manheim, L. M. and Dunlop, D. D. (2006) ‘Gender differences across race/ethnicity in use of health care among medicare-aged Americans’, Journal of Women’s Health, 15, 10, 1205–13.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Song, Y. and Bian, Y. (2014) ‘Gender differences in the use of health care in China: cross-sectional analysis’, International Journal for Equity in Health, 13, 8.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Sun, X., Chen, Y., Tong, X., Feng, Z., Wei, L., Zhou, D., Tian, M., Lv, B. and Feng, D. (2014) ‘The use of annual physical examinations among the elderly in rural China: a cross-sectional study’, BMC Health Service Research,14, 1, 16.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
van der Heide, I., Wang, J., Droomers, M., Spreeuwenberg, P., Rademakers, J. and Uiters, E. (2013) ‘The relationship between health, education, and health literacy: results from the Dutch Adult Literacy and Life Skills Survey’, Journal of Health Communication, 18, Suppl. 1, 172–84.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Wolinsky, F. D., Culler, S. D., Callahan, C. M. and Johnson, R. J. (1994) ‘Hospital resource consumption among older adults: a prospective analysis of episodes, length of stay, and charges over a seven-year period’, Journal of Gerontology, 49, 5, S24052.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wu, Q., Xie, X., Liu, W. and Wu, Y. (2022) ‘Implementation efficiency of the hierarchical diagnosis and treatment system in China: a case study of primary medical and health institutions in Fujian province’, International Journal of Health Planning and Management, 37, 214–27.Google ScholarPubMed
Xu, Y., Zhang, T. and Wang, D. (2019) ‘Changes in inequality in utilization of preventive care services: evidence on China’s 2009 and 2015 health system reform’, International Journal for Equity in Health, 18, 172.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Yang, L., Sun, L., Wen, L., Zhang, H., Li, C., Hanson, K. and Fang, H. (2016) ‘Financing strategies to improve essential public health equalization and its effects in China’, International Journal for Equity in Health, 15, 1, 194.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Yang, L., Zhang, X., Tan, T. and Cheng, J. (2015) ‘Commentary: viewpoint: prevention is missing: is China’s health reform reform for health?’, Journal of Public Health Policy, 36, 1, 7380.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Yip, W. and Hsiao, W. (2014) ‘Harnessing the privatization of China’s fragmented health-care delivery’, The Lancet, 384, 9945, 805–18.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Yip, W. and Hsiao, W. (2015) ‘What drove the cycles of Chinese health system reforms?’, Health System and Reform, 1, 1, 5261.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Yip, W. and Mahal, A. (2008) ‘The health care systems of China and India: performance and future challenges’, Health Affairs, 27, 4, 5261.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Yu, H. (2015) ‘Universal health insurance coverage for 1.3 billion people: what accounts for China’s success?’, Health Policy, 119, 9, 1145–52.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Yu, M. Y. and Sarri, R. (1997) ‘Women’s health status and gender inequality in China’, Social Science and Medicine, 45, 12, 1885–98.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Zeng, Y. (2012) ‘Towards deeper research and better policy for healthy aging --using the unique data of Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey’, China Economic Journal, 5, 23, 131–49.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Zhang, L., Cheng, G., Song, S., Yuan, B., Zhu, W., He, L., Ma, X. and Meng, Q. (2017) ‘Efficiency performance of China’s health care delivery system’, The International Journal of Health Planning and Management, 32, 3, 254–63.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Zhang, R., Lu, Y., Shi, L., Zhang, S. and Chang, F. (2019) ‘Prevalence and patterns of multimorbidity among the elderly in China: a cross-sectional study using national survey data’, BMJ Open, 9, 8, e024268.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Zhao, C., Wong, L., Zhu, Q. and Yang, H. (2018) ‘Prevalence and correlates of chronic diseases in an elderly population: a community-based survey in Haikou’, PloS One, 13, 6, e0199006.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Zhou, M., Zhao, S. and Zhao, Z. (2021) ‘Gender differences in health insurance coverage in China’, International Journal for Equity in Health, 20, 52.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Zhou, Y., Wushouer, H., Vuillermin, D., Ni, B., Guan, X. and Shi, L. (2020) ‘Medical insurance and healthcare utilization among the middle-aged and elderly in China: evidence from the China health and retirement longitudinal study 2011, 2013 and 2015’, BMC Health Service Research, 20, 1, 654.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Zhu, W., Chi, A. and Sun, Y. (2016) ‘Physical activity among older Chinese adults living in urban and rural areas: a review’, Journal of Sport and Health Science, 5, 3, 281–86.CrossRefGoogle Scholar