Hostname: page-component-76fb5796d-skm99 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-04-29T19:06:05.262Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Rectenna panel design optimization for maximum RF power utilization

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  31 May 2019

Vinita Daiya Open the ORCID record for Vinita Daiya [Opens in a new window] ,
Jemimah Ebenezer  and
R. Jehadeesan
Vinita Daiya*
Affiliation:
Indira Gandhi Centre for Atomic Research, Kalpakkam, Tamilnadu-603102, India Homi Babha National Institute, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai - 400088, India
Jemimah Ebenezer
Affiliation:
Indira Gandhi Centre for Atomic Research, Kalpakkam, Tamilnadu-603102, India
R. Jehadeesan
Affiliation:
Indira Gandhi Centre for Atomic Research, Kalpakkam, Tamilnadu-603102, India
*
Author for correspondence: Vinita Daiya E-mail: vinita@igcar.gov.in
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Now-a-days, far-field wireless power transfer/energy harvesting is underutilized due to the unavailability of proper methodology to design efficient system for maximum radio frequency (RF) power utilization. For efficient utilization of far-field RF energy an array/grid of rectenna, i.e. rectenna panel is required to generate the power from wireless signal. To minimize the engineering design phase period (design trials), this paper mathematically derives and summarizes the approach required for optimum rectenna panel design based on power available in the environment, RF transmit source capability, receiver power requirement and the design cost. For maximum power interception through a rectenna panel, its design parameters such as -panel size, number of rectenna, rectenna arrangement pattern, and rectenna spacing has been optimized in our work. Based on the optimization required, we have proposed the compact grid pattern with heterogeneous rectenna spacing. It has been proved theoretically in this paper that if a hexagonal shape panel is designed by placement of rectenna at vertices of equilateral triangle (with side length governed by antenna aperture) then, it is capable of intercepting maximum RF energy available at its location with the least number of rectenna.

Keywords

Rectennawireless power transeferenergy harvestingtriangulationhexagonal grid
Type
Research Papers
Information
International Journal of Microwave and Wireless Technologies , Volume 11 , Issue 10 , December 2019 , pp. 1024 - 1034
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press and the European Microwave Association 2019 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

1Wang, Q and Balasingham, I (2012) Wireless sensor networks – an introduction. In Merrett, GV and Tan, YK (eds), Wireless Sensor Networks: Application-Centric Design. Rijeka: IntechOpen. (doi: 10.5772/13225).Google Scholar
2Gomez, A, Lagadec, MF, Magno, M and Benini, L (2015) Self-powered wireless sensor nodes for monitoring radioactivity in contaminated areas using unmanned aerial vehicles. SAS 2015–2015 IEEE Sensors Applications Symposium, Proceedings, pp. 1–6.Google Scholar
3Vullers, RJM and Van Schaijk, R (2010) Energy harvesting for autonomous wireless. Ieee Solid-State Circuits Magazine Spring 2, 29–38.Google Scholar
4Piqueras, I, Blanc, S, Climent, S, Sánchez, A and Capella, JV (2011) WSN with energy-harvesting. In Proceedings of the 6th ACM Workshop on Performance Monitoring and Measurement of Heterogeneous Wireless and Wired Networks, New York, NY, USA: ACM, p. 17.Google Scholar
5Wu, F, Rüdiger, C and Yuce, MR (2017) Real-time performance of a self-powered environmental IoT sensor network system. Sensors (Switzerland) 17, 282.Google Scholar
6Clayton, D, Andrews, WH and Lenarduzzi, R (2012) Power harvesting practices and technology gaps for sensor networks. Ornl/Tm-2012/442. Retrieved from http://www.osti.gov/contact.html.Google Scholar
7Silva, F (2012) Energy harvesting for autonomous systems [Book News]. IEEE Industrial Electronics Magazine, Vol. 6, Artech House. (doi: 10.1109/mie.2012.2182863).Google Scholar
8Hunter, SR, Lavrik, NV, Datskos, PG and Clayton, D (2014) Pyroelectric energy scavenging techniques for self-powered nuclear reactor wireless sensor networks. Nuclear Technology 188, 172–184.Google Scholar
9Gasulla, M, Penella, MT and Lopez-Lapeña, O (2017) Powering Autonomous Sensors. Measurement, Instrumentation, and Sensors Handbook: Spatial, Mechanical, Thermal, and Radiation Measurement, Second Edition, 1st Edn. Netherlands: Springer (doi: 10.1201/b15474.Google Scholar
10Yoshida, T, Chen, AYK, Nozawa, J, Tanabe, T and Sugie, N (2017) An attempt to directly convert gamma-ray energy into electricity. Nuclear Science and Engineering 150, 362–367.Google Scholar
11Liakos, JK (2008) Gamma ray driven photovoltaic cells: an interface between nuclear and semiconductor physics. Semiconductor Science and Technology 23, 085001.Google Scholar
12He, Y, Cheng, X, Peng, W and Stüber, GL (2015) A survey of energy harvesting communications: models and offline optimal policies. IEEE Communications Magazine 53, 79–85.Google Scholar
13Friis, HT (1946) A note on a simple transmission formula. Proceedings of the IRE 34, 254–256.Google Scholar
14Visser, HJ and Vullers, RJM (2013) RF energy harvesting and transport for wireless sensor network applications: principles and requirements. Proceedings of the IEEE 101, 1410–1423.Google Scholar
15Kai, JM (1996) Microwave power transmission research at Texas AM University. Space Energy and Transportation 1, 368–393.Google Scholar
16Glaser, PE (1992) An overview of the solar power satellite option. IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques 40, 1230–1238.Google Scholar
17Gavan, J and Tapuchi, S (2011) MW WPT for HAPS and SPS: concepts, EMI and biological hazards issues. 2011 30th URSI General Assembly and Scientific Symposium, URSIGASS 2011, pp. 3–6.Google Scholar
18IARC (2011) IARC classifies radiofrequency electromagnetic fields as possibly carcinogenic to humans. International Agency for Research on Cancer, Press, 2008(May), pp. 1–6.Google Scholar
19Eddy, NB (2006) The history of the development of narcotics. In Law and Contemporary Problems 22, 3.Google Scholar
20Sun, H (2016) An enhanced rectenna using differentially-fed rectifier for wireless power transmission. IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters 15, 32–35.Google Scholar
21Degrenne, N, Marian, V, Vollaire, C, Buret, F, Verdier, J and Allard, B (2012) Voltage reversal in unbalanced rectenna association. IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters 11, 941–944.Google Scholar
22Marian, V, Vollaire, C, Verdier, J and Allard, B (2011) Potentials of an adaptive rectenna circuit. IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters 10, 1393–1396.Google Scholar
23Mukherjee, B, Patel, P and Mukherjee, J (2014b) Hemispherical dielectric resonator antenna loaded with a photonic band gap structure for wideband and high gain applications. 2014 31th URSI General Assembly and Scientific Symposium, URSI GASS 2014, (1), pp. 3–6.Google Scholar
24Mukherjee, B, Patel, P and Mukherjee, J (2014a) Hemispherical dielectric resonator antenna loaded with a novel sierpinski carpet fractal based photonic band gap structure for wireless applications. In 2014 Asia-Pacific Microwave Conference Proceedings, APMC 2014, pp. 1279–1281.Google Scholar
25Sinha, M, Killamsetty, V and Mukherjee, B (2018) Near field analysis of RDRA loaded with split ring resonators superstrate. Microwave and Optical Technology Letters 60, 472–478.Google Scholar
26Shinohara, N and Matsumoto, H (2002) Experimental study of large rectenna array for microwave energy transmission. IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques 46, 261–268.Google Scholar
27Olgun, U, Chen, CC and Volakis, JL (2011) Investigation of rectenna array configurations for enhanced RF power harvesting. IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters 10, 262–265.Google Scholar
28Massa, A, Oliveri, G, Viani, F and Rocca, P (2013) Array designs for long-distance wireless power transmission: state-of-the-art and innovative solutions. Proceedings of the IEEE, pp. 1464–1481.Google Scholar
29Marshall, BR, Valenta, CR and Durgin, GD (2013) DC power pattern analysis of N-by-N staggered pattern charge collector and N2rectenna array. 2013 IEEE Wireless Power Transfer, WPT 2013, pp. 115–118.Google Scholar
30Gretskih, DV, Luchaninov, AI, Gomozov, AV, Penkin, YM, Nesterenko, MV and Katrich, VA (2017) Mathematical model of large rectenna arrays for wireless energy transfer. Progress In Electromagnetics Research B 74, 77–91.Google Scholar
31Otsuka, M, Omuro, N, Kakizaki, K and Soejima, T (1991) Relation between spacing and receiving efficiency of finite rectenna array. Electronics and Communications in Japan (Part I: Communications) 74, 88–96.Google Scholar
32Strassner, B and Chang, K (2003) Highly efficient C-band circularly polarized rectifying antenna array for wireless microwave power transmission. IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation 51, 1347–1356.Google Scholar
33Huang, W, Zhang, B, Chen, X, Huang, K-M and Liu, C-J (2013) Study on an S-band rectenna array for wireless microwave power transmission. Progress In Electromagnetics Research 135, 747–758.Google Scholar
34ICNIRP (1998) ICNIRP guidelines for limiting exsure to time-varying electric, magnetic and electromagnetic fields(up to 300ghz). International commission on non-ionizing radiation protection. Health Physics 74, 494–522.Google Scholar
35Bansal, R (2008) Antenna theory; analysis and design. Proceedings of the IEEE, third, Vol. 72, Wiley India Pvt. Ltd. (doi:10.1109/proc.1984.12959).Google Scholar