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Cambrian Age 3 small shelly fossils from the Terrades inlier, southern Pyrenees, Spain: Biostratigraphic and paleobiogeographic implications

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  28 February 2022

Elise Wallet ,
Maxime Padel ,
Léa Devaere Open the ORCID record for Léa Devaere [Opens in a new window] ,
Sébastien Clausen Open the ORCID record for Sébastien Clausen [Opens in a new window] ,
J. Javier Álvaro  and
Bernard Laumonier
Elise Wallet
Affiliation:
Department of Earth Sciences, Palaeobiology, Uppsala University, Villavägen 16, 752 36 Uppsala, Sweden Université de Lille, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), UMR 8198—Evo-Eco-Paleo, F-59000 Lille, France
Maxime Padel
Affiliation:
Bureau de Recherches Géologiques et Minières (BRGM), 23 Avenue Claude Guillemin, 45100 Orléans, France
Léa Devaere
Affiliation:
Université de Lille, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), UMR 8198—Evo-Eco-Paleo, F-59000 Lille, France Museum für Naturkunde, Leibniz Institute for Evolution and Biodiversity Science, Berlin, Invalidenstraße 43, 10115 Berlin, Germany
Sébastien Clausen*
Affiliation:
Université de Lille, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), UMR 8198—Evo-Eco-Paleo, F-59000 Lille, France
J. Javier Álvaro
Affiliation:
Instituto de Geociencias (CSIC-UCM), Dr. Severo Ochoa 7, 28040 Madrid, Spain
Bernard Laumonier
Affiliation:
École des Mines de Nancy, GeoRessources, UMR 7359, Université de Lorraine, Campus ARTEM, CS14234, 54042 Nancy Cedex, France
*
*Corresponding author.
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Abstract

The Cambrian stratigraphic succession of the Pyrenees (SW Europe) has undergone a complex Variscan and Alpine tectonothermal history leading to marked metamorphism and development of cleavage networks, which might partly explain the lack of Cambrian fossiliferous beds. This gap has traditionally precluded its paleobiogeographic and biostratigraphic relationships with other neighboring peri-Gondwanan units. Correlations are only based on lithostratigraphic comparisons and radiometric constraints. In this general scheme, the Terrades inlier (Gerona Province, Spain) provides the only significant and indisputable ‘early Cambrian’ fossil record of the Pyrenees. This predominantly siliciclastic outcrop consists of multiple patch reefs and bioherms having yielded archeocyaths dated at Cambrian Epoch 2, Age 3. This paper describes, for the first time, the microfossil assemblage included in the archeocyathan-microbial reefal complex that crops out in the Terrades inlier to clarify its age and affinities with surrounding tectonostratigraphic units. Reefal flanks of patch reefs have yielded bradoriids, brachiopods, molluscs, tommotiids, chancelloriids, hyoliths, and the problematic fossil (and chronostratigraphically significant) Rhombocorniculum cancellatum Cobbold, 1921. In addition to confirming the previously assigned age of the succession, the recovered fauna emphasizes strong affinities with the surrounding Occitan Domain (Montagne Noire, southern Massif Central, France) and Sardinia (Italy). Along with lithostratigraphic comparison and tectonic considerations, this further supports the recent reconstructions positioning the Pyrenean domain between the Montagne Noire (to the southwest) and Sardinia (further to the northeast) on the Gondwana margin during Cambrian times.

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Journal of Paleontology , Volume 96 , Issue 3 , May 2022 , pp. 552 - 582
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Copyright © The Author(s), 2022. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of The Paleontological Society

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