Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Input/Output Logics

  • Published:
Journal of Philosophical Logic Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

In a range of contexts, one comes across processes resembling inference, but where input propositions are not in general included among outputs, and the operation is not in any way reversible. Examples arise in contexts of conditional obligations, goals, ideals, preferences, actions, and beliefs. Our purpose is to develop a theory of such input/output operations. Four are singled out: simple-minded, basic (making intelligent use of disjunctive inputs), simple-minded reusable (in which outputs may be recycled as inputs), and basic reusable. They are defined semantically and characterised by derivation rules, as well as in terms of relabeling procedures and modal operators. Their behaviour is studied on both semantic and syntactic levels.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

REFERENCES

  • Makinson, D., 1999. On a fundamental problem of deontic logic, in Norms, Logics and Information Systems. New Studies in Deontic Logic and Computer Science 49, P. Mc-Namara and H. Prakken (eds.), Frontiers in Artificial Intelligence and Applications, IOS Press, Amsterdam, pp. 29–53.

    Google Scholar 

  • Makinson, D., 1994. General patterns in nonmonotonic reasoning, in Handbook of Logic in Artificial Intelligence and Logic Programming, Vol. 3, Gabbay, Hogger and Robinson (eds.), Oxford University Press, pp. 35–110.

  • Makinson, D. and L. van der Torre, (to appear). Constraints for input/output logics.

  • Reiter, R., 1980. A logic for default reasoning, Artificial Intelligence 13: 81–132.

    Google Scholar 

  • van der Torre, L. W. N., 1997. Reasoning about Obligations: Defeasibility in Preference-Based Deontic Logic, Ph.D. Thesis, Erasmus University of Rotterdam. Tinbergen Institute Research Series n∘ 140. Thesis Publishers: Amsterdam.

    Google Scholar 

  • van der Torre, L. W. N., 1998. Phased labeled logics of conditional goals, Logics in Artificial Intelligence. Proceedings of the Sixth European Workshop on Logics in AI (JELIA'98). Lecture Notes in Comput. Sci. 1489, Springer, Berlin, pp. 92–106.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Computing, King"s College London, Les Etangs B2, Domaine de la Ronce, 92410, Ville d"Avray, France

    David Makinson

  2. Department of Artificial Intelligence, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1081a, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, the Netherlands

    Leendert van der Torre

Authors
  1. David Makinson
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Leendert van der Torre
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Makinson, D., van der Torre, L. Input/Output Logics. Journal of Philosophical Logic 29, 383–408 (2000). https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1004748624537

Download citation

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1004748624537

Search

Navigation