Thermophysical Properties of Gaseous Tungsten Hexafluoride from Speed-of-Sound Measurements

Abstract

The speed of sound was measured in gaseous WF₆ using a highly precise acoustic resonance technique. The data span the temperature range from 290 to 420 K and the pressure range from 50 kPa to the lesser of 300 kPa or 80% of the sample's vapor pressure. At 360 K and higher temperatures, the data were corrected for a slow chemical reaction of the WF₆ within the apparatus. The speed-of-sound data have a relative standard uncertainty of 0.005%. The data were analyzed to obtain the ideal-gas heat capacity as a function of the temperature with a relative standard uncertainty of 0.1%. These heat capacities are in reasonable agreement with those determined from spectroscopic data. The speed-of-sound data were fitted by virial equations of state to obtain the temperature dependent density virial coefficients. Two virial coefficient models were employed, one based on square-well intermolecular potentials and the second based on a hard-core Lennard–Jones intermolecular potential. The resulting virial equations reproduced the sound-speed data to within ±0.005% and may be used to calculate vapor densities with relative standard uncertainties of 0.1% or less. The hard-core Lennard–Jones potential was used to estimate the viscosity and the thermal conductivity of dilute WF₆. The predicted viscosities agree with published data to within 5% and can be extrapolated reliably to higher temperatures.