Photosynthetica 1999, 36(3):321-331 | DOI: 10.1023/A:1007097518297

Cd/Fe Interaction in Higher Plants - Its Consequences for the Photosynthetic Apparatus

A. Siedlecka, Z. Krupa

Cadmium is one of the most dangerous environmental pollutants, affecting, among other things, plant mineral composition. It easily interacts with iron, one of the most important elements for plant growth and metabolism. This interaction, including modifying effects of lowered or excessive Fe supply on Cd-exposed plants and its consequences for the photosynthetic apparatus is reviewed. The influence of modified Fe and Cd supply on the uptake of both metals, their distribution, plant growth, and photosynthesis is also explained. Moderate Fe excess has a beneficial influence on Cd-treated plants, resulting in more intensive growth, photosynthetic pigments accumulation, and more efficient light phase of photosynthesis. Nutrient-medium Fe deficiency increases plant susceptibility to Cd. The main open questions of Cd/Fe interaction are: (1) the strong Fe-dependency of Cd mobility within the plant, and (2) photosynthetic dark phase adaptation to Cd stress.

Additional key words: Calvin cycle enzymes; chlorophyll; chloroplast structure; heavy metals; photosynthesis; photosystems; plant growth; uptake of mineral elements

Published: August 1, 1999  Show citation

ACS AIP APA ASA Harvard Chicago IEEE ISO690 MLA NLM Turabian Vancouver
Siedlecka, A., & Krupa, Z. (1999). Cd/Fe Interaction in Higher Plants - Its Consequences for the Photosynthetic Apparatus. Photosynthetica, 36(3), 321-331. doi: 10.1023/A:1007097518297
Share...
Download citation
  • BibTeX (.bib)
  • Bookends (.ris)
  • EasyBib (.ris)
  • EndNote (.enw)
  • EndNote 8 (.xml)
  • ISI WoS (.isi)
  • Medlars (.medlars)
  • Mendeley (.ris)
  • MODS (.xml)
  • Papers (.ris)
  • RefWorks (.txt)
  • RefManager (.ris)
  • RIS (.ris)
  • MS Word (.xml)
  • Zotero (.ris)
    • Open full article

    References

    1. Alcįntara, E., Romera, F.J., Cañete, M., De la Guardia, M.D.: Effects of heavy metals on both induction and function of root Fe (III) reductase in Fe-deficient cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) plants.-J. exp. Bot. 45: 1893-1898, 1994. Go to original source...
    2. Barceló, J., Poschenrieder, C.: Plant water relations as affected by heavy metal stress: a review.-J. Plant Nutr. 13: 1-37, 1990. Go to original source...
    3. Barceló, J., Vįzquez, M.D., Poschenrieder, C.: Structural and ultrastructural disorders in cadmium-treated bush bean plants (Phaseolus vulgaris L.).-New Phytol. 108: 37-49, 1988. Go to original source...
    4. Baszyński, T.: Interference of Cd2+ in functioning of the photosynthetic apparatus of higher plants.-Acta Soc. Bot. Pol. 55: 291-301, 1986. Go to original source...
    5. Becerril, J.M., Muñoz-Rueda, A., Aparicio-Tejo, P., Gonzalez-Murua, C.: The effects of cadmium and lead on photosynthetic electron transport in clover and lucerne.-Plant Physiol. Biochem. 26: 357-363, 1988.
    6. Böddi, B., Oravecz, A.R., Lehoczki, E.: Effect of cadmium on organization and photoreduction of protochlorophyllide in dark-grown leaves and etioplast inner membrane preparations of wheat.-Photosynthetica 31: 411-420, 1995.
    7. Brune, A., Urbach, W., Dietz, K.J.: Differential toxicity of heavy metals is partly related to a loss of preferential extraplasmic compartmentation: a comparison of Cd-, Mo-, Ni-, and Zn-stress.-New Phytol. 129: 403-409, 1995. Go to original source...
    8. Costa, G., Morel, J.L.: Water relations, gas exchange and amino acid content in Cd-treated lettuce.-Plant Physiol. Biochem. 32: 561-570, 1994.
    9. Ernst, W.H.O.: Biochemical aspects of cadmium in plants.-In: Nriagu, J.O. (ed.): Cadmium in the Environment. Part I. Pp. 639-653. Wiley-Interscience Publ., New York 1980.
    10. Fodor, F., Sįrvįri, É., Lįng, F., Szigeti, Z., Cseh, E.: Effects of Pb and Cd on cucumber depending on the Fe-complex in the culture solution.-J. Plant Physiol. 148: 434-439, 1996. Go to original source...
    11. Ghoshroy, S., Nadakavukaren, M.J.: Influence of cadmium on the ultrastructure of developing chloroplasts in soybean and corn.-Environm. exp. Bot. 30: 187-192, 1990. Go to original source...
    12. Greger, M.: Cadmium Effects on Carbohydrate Metabolism in Sugar Beet (Beta vulgaris).-PhD Thesis. Academitryck, Edsbruk 1989.
    13. Greger, M., Bertell, G.: Effects of Ca2+ and Cd2+ on the carbohydrate metabolism in sugar beet (Beta vulgaris).-J. exp. Bot. 43: 167-173, 1992. Go to original source...
    14. Greger, M., Johansson, M.: Cadmium effects on leaf transpiration of sugar beet (Beta vulgaris).-Physiol. Plant. 86: 465-473, 1992. Go to original source...
    15. Greger, M., Ögren, E.: Direct and indirect effects of Cd2+ on photosynthesis in sugar beet (Beta vulgaris).-Physiol. Plant. 83: 129-135, 1991. Go to original source...
    16. Guerinot, M.L., Yi, Y.: Iron: nutritious, noxious, and not readily available.-Plant Physiol. 104: 815-820, 1994. Go to original source...
    17. Herbik, A., Giritch, A., Horstmann, C., Becker, R., Balzer, H.J., Bäumlein, H., Stephan, U.W.: Iron and copper nutrition-dependent changes in protein expression in a tomato wild type and the nicotianamine-free mutant chloronerva.-Plant Physiol. 111: 533-540, 1996. Go to original source...
    18. Horvįth, G., Droppa, M., Oravecz, Į., Raskin, V.I., Marder, J.B.: Formation of the photosynthetic apparatus during greening of cadmium-poisoned barley leaves.-Planta 199: 238-243, 1996. Go to original source...
    19. Jastrow, J., Koeppe, D.E.: Uptake and effects of cadmium in higher plants.-In: Nriyagu, J.O. (ed.): Cadmium in the Environment. Part I. Pp. 608-638. Wiley-Interscience Publ., New York 1980.
    20. Kampfenkel, K., Montagu, M. van, Inzé, D.: Effects of iron excess on Nicotiana plumbaginifolia plants.-Plant Physiol. 107: 725-735, 1995. Go to original source...
    21. Krupa, Z.: Cadmium-induced changes in the composition and structure of the light-harvesting chlorophyll a/b protein complex II in radish cotyledons.-Physiol. Plant. 73: 518-524, 1988. Go to original source...
    22. Krupa, Z., Baszyński, T.: Some aspects of heavy metals toxicity towards photosynthetic apparatus - direct and indirect effects on light and dark reactions.-Acta Physiol. Plant. 17: 177-190, 1995.
    23. Krupa, Z., Öquist, G., Huner, N.P.A.: The influence of cadmium on primary photosystem II photochemistry in bean as revealed by chlorophyll a fluorescence - a preliminary study.-Acta Physiol. Plant. 14: 71-76, 1992.
    24. Krupa, Z., Öquist, G., Huner, N.P.A.: The effects of cadmium on photosynthesis of Phaseolus vulgaris - a fluorescence analysis.-Physiol. Plant. 88: 626-630, 1993. Go to original source...
    25. Krupa, Z., Siedlecka, A.: Cd/Fe interaction and its effects on photosynthetic capacity of primary bean leaves.-In: Mathis, P. (ed.): Photosynthesis from Light to Biosphere. Vol. IV. Pp. 621-624. Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht-Boston-London 1995. Go to original source...
    26. Krupa, Z., Skórzyńska, E., Maksymiec, W., Baszyński, T.: Effect of cadmium treatment on the photosynthetic apparatus and its photochemical activities in greening radish seedlings.-Photosynthetica 21: 156-164, 1987.
    27. Lee, K.C., Cunningham, B.A., Paulsen, G.M., Liang, G.H., Moore, R.B.: Effects of cadmium on respiration rate and activities of several enzymes in soybean seedlings.-Physiol. Plant. 36: 4-6, 1976. Go to original source...
    28. Leita, L., De Nobili, M., Cesco, S., Mondini, C.: Analysis of intercellular cadmium forms in roots and leaves of bush bean.-J. Plant Nutr. 19: 527-533, 1996. Go to original source...
    29. Ma, J.F., Nomoto, K.: Effective regulation of iron acquisition in graminaceous plants. The role of mugineic acids as phytosiderophores.-Physiol. Plant. 97: 609-617, 1996. Go to original source...
    30. Maksymiec, W., Baszyński, T.: The effect of Cd2+ on the release of proteins from thylakoid membranes of tomato leaves.-Acta Soc. Bot. Pol. 57: 465-474, 1988. Go to original source...
    31. Malik, D., Sheoran, I.S., Singh, R.: Carbon metabolism in leaves of cadmium treated wheat seedlings.-Plant Physiol. Biochem. 30: 223-229, 1992.
    32. Marschner, H.: Mineral Nutrition of Higher Plants.-Pp. 59-62. Academic Press, London 1995.
    33. Pawlik, B., Skowroński, T., Ramazanow, Z., Gardeström, P., Samuelsson, G.: pH-dependent cadmium transport inhibits photosynthesis in the cyanobacterium Synechocystis aquatilis.-Environ. exp. Bot. 33: 331-337, 1993. Go to original source...
    34. Pich, A., Scholz, G.: The relationship between the activity of various iron-containing and iron-free enzymes and the presence of nicotianamine in tomato seedlings.-Physiol. Plant. 88: 172-178, 1993. Go to original source...
    35. Platt-Aloia, K.A., Thomson, W.W., Terry, N.: Changes in plastid ultrastructure during iron nutrition-mediated chloroplast development.-Protoplasma 114: 85-92, 1983. Go to original source...
    36. Portis, A.R., Jr.: Regulation of ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase activity.-Annu. Rev. Plant Physiol. Plant mol. Biol. 43: 415-437, 1992. Go to original source...
    37. Schmidt, W., Boomgaarden, B., Ahrens, V.: Reduction of root iron in Plantago lanceolata during recovery from Fe deficiency.-Physiol. Plant. 98: 587-593, 1996. Go to original source...
    38. Sheoran, I.S., Aggarwal, N., Singh, R.: Effects of cadmium and nickel on in vivo carbon dioxide exchange rate of pigeon pea (Cajanus cajan L.).-Plant Soil 129: 243-249, 1990. Go to original source...
    39. Siedlecka, A.: Some aspects of interactions between heavy metals and plant mineral nutrients.-Acta Soc. Bot. Pol. 64: 265-272, 1995. Go to original source...
    40. Siedlecka, A., Baszyński, T.: Inhibition of electron flow around photosystem I in chloroplasts of Cd-treated maize plants is due to Cd-induced iron deficiency.-Physiol. Plant. 87: 199-202, 1993. Go to original source...
    41. Siedlecka, A., Krupa, Z.: Interaction between cadmium and iron. Accumulation and distribution of metals and changes in growth parameters of Phaseolus vulgaris L. seedlings.-Acta Soc. Bot. Pol. 65: 277-282, 1996a. Go to original source...
    42. Siedlecka, A., Krupa, Z.: Interaction between cadmium and iron and its effects on photosynthetic capacity of primary leaves of Phaseolus vulgaris.-Plant Physiol. Biochem. 34: 833-842, 1996b.
    43. Siedlecka, A., Krupa, Z., Samuelsson, G., Öquist, G., Gardeström, P.: Primary carbon metabolism in Phaseolus vulgaris plants under Cd/Fe interaction.-Plant Physiol. Biochem. 35: 951-957, 1997.
    44. Sieghardt, H.: Heavy metal uptake and distribution in Silene vulgaris and Minuartia verna growing on mining-dump material containing lead and zinc.-Plant Soil 123: 107-111, 1990. Go to original source...
    45. Skórzyńska-Polit, E., Bednara, J., Baszyński, T.: Some aspects of runner bean plant response to cadmium at different stages of the primary leaf growth.-Acta Soc. Bot. Pol. 64: 165-170, 1995. Go to original source...
    46. Stiborovį, M.: Cd2+ ions affect the quaternary structure of ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase from barley leaves.-Biochem. Physiol. Pflanzen 183: 371-378, 1988. Go to original source...
    47. Stoyanova, D.P., Tchakalova, E.S.: Cadmium-induced ultrastructural changes in chloroplasts of the leaves and stems parenchyma in Myriophyllum spicatum.-Photosynthetica 34: 241-248, 1997. Go to original source...
    48. Terry, N.: Physiology of trace element toxicity and its relation to iron stress.-J. Plant Nutr. 3: 561-578, 1981. Go to original source...
    49. Terry, N., Abadķa, J.: Function of iron in chloroplasts.-J. Plant Nutr. 9: 609-646, 1986. Go to original source...
    50. Thys, C., Vanthome, P., Schrevens, E., De Proft, M.: Interactions of Cd with Zn, Cu, Mn and Fe for lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) in hydroponic culture.-Plant Cell Environ. 14: 713-717, 1991. Go to original source...
    51. Van Assche, F., Clijsters, H.: Effect of metals on enzyme activity in plants.-Plant Cell Environm. 13: 195-206, 1990. Go to original source...
    52. Vassilev, A., Yordanov, I., Tsonev, T.: Effects of Cd2+ on the physiological state and photosynthetic activity of young barley plants.-Photosynthetica 34: 293-302, 1997. Go to original source...
    53. Wallace, A., Wallace, G.A., Cha, J.W.: Some modifications in trace metal toxicities and deficiencies in plants resulting from interactions with other elements and chelating agents - the special case of iron.-J. Plant Nutr. 15: 1589-1598, 1992. Go to original source...
    54. Weigel, H.J.: The effect of Cd2+ on photosynthetic reactions of mesophyll protoplasts.-Physiol. Plant. 63: 192-200, 1985a. Go to original source...
    55. Winder, T.L., Nishio, J.N.: Early iron deficiency stress response in leaves of sugar beet.-Plant Physiol. 108: 1487-1494, 1995. Go to original source...
    56. Weigel, H.J.: Inhibition of photosynthetic reactions of isolated intact chloroplasts by cadmium.-J. Plant Physiol. 119: 179-189, 1985b. Go to original source...
    57. Winder, T.L., Nishio, J.N.: Early iron deficiency stress response in leaves of sugar beet.-Plant Physiol. 108: 1487-1494, 1995. Go to original source...

    Return to the content