Abstract
The operation and performance of electroceramics are commonly dependent on the characteristics of electrically active grain boundaries. To date, our understanding of the role of specified additives and heat treatments on the grain boundary properties remains underdeveloped. We describe efforts directed towards improving our understanding by (a) fabrication and analysis of individual boundaries, (b) improved control and simplification of boundary chemistry (c) systematic investigation of properties (e.g., I-V, DLTS, DO and DM) as a function of boundary structure and chemistry and (d) development of appropriate energy band, defect and diffusion models. Following this approach, preliminary results suggest that lattice defects play critical roles in controlling both the electrical and diffusive properties of the boundaries while the additives appear to act in supportive manner by activating the key lattice defects particularly with respect to the electrical activity of the boundaries.
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Tuller, H.L. ZnO Grain Boundaries: Electrical Activity and Diffusion. Journal of Electroceramics 4 (Suppl 1), 33–40 (1999). https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1009917516517
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1009917516517