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Doping Mechanism and Permittivity Correlations in Nd-Doped BaTiO3

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Abstract

BaTiO3 forms an extensive range of solid solutions with Nd2O3 by means of the double substitution mechanism: Ba + Ti ⇒ 2Nd, as shown by both a phase diagram study and Rietveld refinement using powder neutron diffraction data. The solid solutions have the general formula Ba1-xTi1-xNd2xO3Odxd0.12 at 1300°C and 1300°C and O dxd at 1400°C. With increasing x, the symmetry changes from tetragonal to cubic at x∼ 0.09. The sharp permittivity maximum at ∼127°C in stoichiometric BaTiO3 broadens very rapidly with increasing x and gradually moves to lower temperatures: this appears to be because, with substitution of Nd onto Ti sites, formation of the ferroelectric domains is increasingly difficult because of the presence of dipole-inactive Nd3+ ions on the Ti sites.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Chemistry, Meston Walk, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, AB24 3UE

    N. Hirose, J.M.S. Skakle & A.R. West

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  1. N. Hirose
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  2. J.M.S. Skakle
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  3. A.R. West
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Hirose, N., Skakle, J. & West, A. Doping Mechanism and Permittivity Correlations in Nd-Doped BaTiO3 . Journal of Electroceramics 3, 233–238 (1999). https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1009973300039

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