Abstract
Effects of two ventilation methods (forced and natural) and two photosynthetic photon fluxes (PPF, 150 and 250 μmol m−2 s−1) on the photoautotrophic growth of in vitro cultured coffee (Coffea arabusta) plantlets were investigated. Number of air exchanges was 2.7, 5.9 and 3.9 h−1 for forced low rate, forced high rate and natural ventilation, respectively. Single node cuttings of in vitro cultured coffee plantlets were cultured on Florialite, a mixture of vermiculite and cellulose fibers with high air porosity, emerged in liquid half strength basal MS medium, without sucrose, vitamins and plant growth regulators. The study included 40 days in the in vitro stage and 10 days in the ex vitro stage. Mean fresh and dry weights, leaf area, shoot and root lengths and net photosynthetic rate per plantlet were significantly greater in forced high rate treatments compared with those in natural and forced low rate treatments. PPF had a distinct effect on shoot length suppression and root elongation of coffee plantlets in forced high rate treatments. The control of carbon dioxide concentration inside the culture box according to the plant demand when growing was easy with the forced ventilation method in photoautotrophic micropropagation.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Amthor JS (1989) Respiration and Crop Productivity. Springer-Verlag, New York
Blažková AJ, Ullmann J, Josefusová Z, Macháková I & Krekule J (1989) The influence of gaseous phase on the growth of plants in vitro: the effect of different types of stoppers. Acta Hort. 251: 209–214
Buddendorf-Joosten JMC & Woltering EJ (1994) Components of the gaseous environment and their effects on plant growth and development in vitro. In: Lumsden PJ, Nicholas JR & Davies WJ (eds) Physiology, Growth and Development of Plants in Culture (pp 165–190). Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht, The Netherlands
Cassells AC & Walsh C (1994) The influence of gas permeability of the culture lid on calcium uptake and stomatal function in Dianthus microplants. Plant Cell Tiss. Org. Cult. 37: 171–178
Cournac L, Cirier I & Chagvardieff P (1992) Improvement of photoautotrophic Solanum tuberosum plantlet culture by light and CO2: Differential development of photosynthetic characteristics and varietal constraints. Acta Hort. 319: 53–58
Cuello JL, Walker PN & Heuser CW (1992) Controlled in vitro environment for stage II micropropagation of chrysanthemum. Transactions of the ASAE 35: 1079–1083
Desjardins Y (1995) Factors affecting CO2 fixation in striving to optimize photoautotrophy in micropropagated plantlets. Plant Tiss. Cult. Biotech. 1: 13–25
Fujiwara K, Kozai T & Watanabe I (1987) Fundamental studies on environments in plant tissue culture vessels. (3) Measurements of carbon dioxide gas concentration in closed vessels containing tissue cultured plantlets and estimates of net photosynthetic rates of the plantlets. J. Arg. Meteorol. 43: 21–30 (in Japanese with English abstract)
Fujiwara K, Kozai T & Watanabe I (1988) Development of a photoautotrophic tissue culture system for shoots and/or plantlets at rooting and acclimatization stages. Acta Hort. 230: 153–158
Fujiwara K & Kozai T (1995) Physical microenvironment and its effects. In: Aitken-Christie J, Kozai T & Smith MAL (eds) Automation and Environmental Control in Plant Tissue Culture (pp 319–369). Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht, The Netherlands
Gaastra P (1963) Climatic control of photosynthesis and respiration. In: Evans LT (ed) Environmental Control of Plant Growth (pp 113–140). Academic Press Inc., New York
Heo J & Kozai T (1999) Forced ventilation micropropagation system for enhancing photosynthesis, growth and development of sweetpotato plantlets. Environ. Control Biol. 37: 83–92
Kitaya Y, Mohapatra SC, Kubota C & Kozai T (1996) Advantages of photoautotrophic micropropagation for space agriculture. In: Suge H (ed) Plant in Space Biology. Institute of Genetic Ecology (pp 235–244). Tohoku University
Kozai T, Fujiwara K & Watanabe I (1986) Fundamental studies of environments in plant tissue culture vessels, (2) Effects of stoppers and vessels on gas exchange rates between inside and outside of vessels closed with stoppers. J. Agr. Meteorol. 42: 119–127 (in Japanese with English abstract)
Kozai T & Sekimoto K (1988) Effects of the number of air exchanges per hour of the closed vessel and the photosynthetic photon flux on the carbon dioxide concentration inside the vessel and the growth of strawberry plantlets in vitro. Environ. Control Biol. 26: 21–29 (in Japanese with English abstract)
Kozai T, Oki H & Fujiwara K (1990) Photosynthetic characteristics of Cymbidium plantlets in vitro. Plant Cell Tiss. Org. Cult. 22: 205–211
Kozai T (1991) Autotrophic micropropagation. In: Bajaj YPS (ed) Biotechnology in Agriculture and Forestry 17: High-Tech and Micropropagation I. (pp. 313–343) Springer-Verlag, New York
Kubota C & Kozai T (1992) Growth and net photosynthetic rate of Solanum tuberosum in vitro under forced and natural ventilation. HortScience 27: 1312–1314
Lee N, Wetzstein Y & Sommer HE (1985) Effect of quantum flux density on photosynthesis and chloroplast ultrastructure in tissue-cultured plantlets and seedling of Liquidambar styraciflua L. towards improved acclimatization and field survival. Plant Physiol. 78: 637–641
Long SP, Drake BG, Farage PK, Frehner M, Garcia RL, Hendrey GR, Humphries SR, Pinter PJ jr, Kimball BA, Wall GW, Nie GY & Osborne CP (1996) Acclimation of photosynthesis to elevated CO2 and the interaction with nitrogen in big ‘pots'. Proc. 2nd Intl. IGBPGCTE Workshop ‘Plant Acclimation to elevated CO2' (pp. 38–41) 19–23 May, 1996, Lake Tahoe, California, USA
Murashige T & Skoog F (1962) A revised medium for rapid growth and bioassays with tobacco tissue cultures. Physiol. Plant. 15: 473–497
Nakayama M, Kozai T & Watanabe K (1991) Effect of the presence/absence of sugar in the medium and natural/forced ventilation on the net photosynthetic rates of potato explants in vitro. Plant Tissue Cult. Lett. 8: 105–109 (in Japanese with English abstract)
Nguyen QT, Kozai T & Nguyen UV (1999) Effects of sucrose concentration, supporting material and number of air exchanges of the vessel on the growth of in vitro coffee plantlets. Plant Cell Tiss. Org. Cult. 58: 51–57
Ohyama K & Kozai T (1997) CO2 concentration profiles in a plant tissue culture vessel Environ. Control Biol. 35: 197–202 (in Japanese with English abstract)
Tanaka M (1991) Disposable film culture vessels. In: Bajaj YPS (ed) Biotechnology in Agriculture and Forestry 17: High-Tech and Micropropagation I (pp 212–228) Springer-Verlag, New York
Tichá I (1996) Optimization of photoautotrophic tobacco in vitro culture: effect of suncaps closures on plantlet growth. Photosynthetica 32: 475–479
Tisserat B, Herman C, Silman R & Bothast RJ (1997) Using ultrahigh carbon dioxide levels enhances plantlet growth in vitro. Hortechnology 7: 282–289
Yue D, Gosselin A & Desjardins Y (1993) Effects of forced ventilation at different relative humidities on growth, photosynthesis and transpiration of geranium plantlets in vitro. Can. J. Plant Sci. 73: 249–256
Zobayed SMA, Afreen-Zobayed F, Kubota C & Kozai T (1999) Stomatal characteristics and leaf anatomy of potato plantlets cultured in vitro under photoautotrophic and photomixotrophic conditions. In Vitro Cell Dev. Biol.-Plant 35: 183–188
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Thi Nguyen, Q., Kozai, T., Heo, J. et al. Photoautotrophic growth response of in vitro cultured coffee plantlets to ventilation methods and photosynthetic photon fluxes under carbon dioxide enriched condition. Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture 66, 217–225 (2001). https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1010662413486
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1010662413486