Abstract
Five fungal isolates (Trichoderma, Fusarium, Penicillium, Phoma and a sterile fungus) from zoysiagrass rhizosphere that promote plant growth were tested for their ability to induce systemic resistance in cucumber plants against Colletotrichum orbiculare. Roots of cucumber plants were treated with these fungal isolates using barley grain inocula (BGI), mycelial inocula (MI) or culture filtrate (CF). Most isolate/inoculum form combinations significantly reduced the disease except BGI of Trichoderma. These fungal isolates were also evaluated for induction of systemic resistance against bacterial angular leaf spot and Fusarium wilt by treatment with BGI. Penicillium, Phoma and the sterile fungus significantly reduced the disease incidence of bacterial angular leaf spot. Phoma and sterile fungus protected plants significantly against Fusarium wilt. Roots treated with CFs of these fungal isolates induced lignification at Colletotrichum penetration points indicating the presence of an elicitor in the CFs. The elicitor activity of CFs was evaluated by the chemiluminescence assay using tobacco callus and cucumber fruit disks. The CFs of all isolates elicited conspicuous superoxide generation. The chemiluminescence activity of the CF of Penicillium was extremely high, and its intensity was almost 100-fold higher than that of other isolates. The chemiluminescence activity was not lost following treatment with protease or autoclaving or after removal of lipid. The MW 12,000 dialyzed CF fraction was highly effective in eliciting chemiluminescence activity. Chemiluminescence emission from cucumber fruit disks treated with Penicillium was the same as that obtained from tobacco callus, except that the lipid fraction also showed a high activity. Both the MW 12,000 fraction and the lipid fraction induced lignification in the epidermal tissues of cucumber hypocotyls.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Apstol I, Heinstein PF and Low PS (1989) Rapid stimulation of an oxidative burst during elicitation of cultured plant cells. Plant Physiology 90: 109-116
Dean RA and Kuć J (1987) Rapid lignification in response to wounding and infection as a mechanism for induced systemic protection in cucumber. Physiological and Molecular Plant Pathology 31: 69-81
Doke N (1983) Involvement of superoxide anion generation in the hypersensitive response of potato tuber tissues to infection with an incompatible race of Phytophthora infestans and to the hyphalwall components. Physiological Plant Pathology 23: 345-357
Doke N, Miura Y, Sanchez LM and Kawakita K (1994) Involvement of superoxide in signal transduction: responses to attack by pathogens, physical and chemical shocks, and UV irradiation. In: Foyer CH and Mullineauz PM (ed) Causes of Photooxidative Stress and Amelioration of Defense Systemic in Plants. (pp 177-197) CRC Press
Hammerschmidt R and Kuc J (1982) Lignification as a mechanism for induced systemic resistance in cucumber. Physiological Plant Pathology 20: 61-71
Hammerschmidt R and Yang-Cashman P (1995) Induced resistance in cucurbits. In: Hammerschmidt R and Kuc J (ed) Induced Resistance to Disease in Plants. (pp 63-85) Kluwer Academic Publishers, Netherland
Hammerschmidt R, Lamport DTA and Muldoon EP (1984) Cell wall hydroxyproline enhancement and lignin deposition as an early event in the resistance of cucumber to Cladosporium cucumerinum. Physiological Plant Pathology 24: 43-47
Hoffland E, Hakulinen J and van Pelt JA (1996) Comparison of systemic resistance induced by avilurent and nopathogenic Pseudomonas species. Phytopathology 86: 757-762
Hyakumachi M (1997) Induced systemic resistance against anthracnose in cucumber due to plant growth-promoting fungi and studies on mechanisms. In: Ogoshi A, Kobayashi K, Homma Y, Kodama F, Kondo N and Akino S (ed) Proceedings of the Fourth InternationalWorkshop on Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria. (pp 164-169) Nakanishi Printing, Sapporo, Japan
Ishiba C, Tani T and Murata M (1981) Protection of cucumber against anthracnose by a hypovilurent strain of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cucumerinum. Annual Phytopathological Society of Japan 47: 352-359
Kuć J (1983) Induced systemic resistance in plants to diseases caused by fungi and bacteria. In: Bailey JA and Deverall BJ (ed) The Dynamics of Host Defense. (pp 191-221) Academic Press Inc, London
Liu L, Kloepper JW and Tuzun S (1995) Induction of systemic resistance in cucumber against bacterial angular leaf spot by plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria. Phytopathology 85: 843-847
Meera MS (1994) Induction of systemic resistance in cucumber against anthracnose using plant growth promoting fungi. PhD thesis, Gifu University
Meera MS, Shivanna MB, Kageyama K and Hyakumachi M (1994) Plant growth-promoting fungi from zoysiagrass rhizosphere as potential inducers of systemic resistance in cucumbers. Phytopahtology 84: 1399-1406
Meera MS, Shivanna MB, Kageyama K and Hyakumachi M (1995) Persistence of induced systemic resistance in cucumber in relation to root colonization by plant growth-promoting fungal isolates. Crop Protection 14: 123-130
Miura Y, Yoshioka H and Doke N (1995) An autophotographic determination of the active oxygen generation in potato tuber discs during hypersensitive response to fungal infection or elicitor. Plant Science 105: 45-52
Peng M and Kuć J (1992) Peroxidase-generated hydrogen peroxidase as a source of antifungal activity in vitro and on tobacco leaf desks. Phytopathology 82: 696-699
Ross AF (1961) Systemic acquired resistance induced by localized virus infections in plants. Virology 14: 340-358
Sherwood RT and Vance CP (1976) Histochemistry of papillae formed in reed canarygrass leaves in response to noninfecting pathogenic fungi. Phytopathology 66: 503-510
Van Loon LC, Bakker PAHM and Pieterse CMJ (1998). Systemic resistance induced by rhizosphere bacteria. Annual Review of Phytopathology 36: 453-483
Van Peer R and Schippers B (1992) Lipopolysaccharides of plantgrowth promoting Pseudomonas sp. strain WCS417r induce resistance in carnation to Fusarium wilt. Netherland Journal of Plant Pathology 98: 123-139
Van Peer R, Niemann GJ and Schippers B (1991) Induced resistance and phytoalexin accumulation in biological control of Fusarium wilt of Carnation by Pseudomonas sp. strain WCS417r. Phytopahology 81: 728-734
Wei G, Kloepper JW and Tuzun S (1991) Induction of systemic resistance of cucumber to Colletotrichum orbiculare by select strains of plant growth promoting rhizobacteria. Phytopathology 81: 1508-1512
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Koike, N., Hyakumachi, M., Kageyama, K. et al. Induction of Systemic Resistance in Cucumber against Several Diseases by Plant Growth-promoting Fungi: lignification and Superoxide Generation. European Journal of Plant Pathology 107, 523–533 (2001). https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1011203826805
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1011203826805