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Clays and clay minerals: The firing process

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Abstract

57Fe Mössbauer spectroscopy reveals changes in iron valence and iron site geometry when clays and clay minerals are heated, and allows a distinction to be made between paramagnetic and magnetically ordered phases. Mössbauer spectra can thus reveal the extent of iron retention in silicate structures upon heating, the identity of iron oxides initially present or formed during the heating process and their transformations, and the character of the atmosphere under which heating was carried out. This makes Mössbauer spectroscopy the most effective tool for the characterization of changes induced by heating phyllosilicates and iron oxides.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Bayerisches Geologisches Landesamt, Concordiastrasse 28, D-96049, Bamberg, Germany

    Enver Murad

  2. Physik-Department E15, Technische Universität München, D-85747, Garching, Germany

    Ursel Wagner

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  1. Enver Murad
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Murad, E., Wagner, U. Clays and clay minerals: The firing process. Hyperfine Interactions 117, 337–356 (1998). https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1012683008035

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