Skip to main content
Log in

Student Self-Assessment in HOCS Science Examinations: Is There a Problem?

  • Published:
Journal of Science Education and Technology Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

A specially-designed self-assessment questionnaire (SAQHOCS), containing higher-order cognitive skills (HOCS)-type questions, was administered to 71 biology majors, enrolled in a four-year college program. The gap between students' self-assessment marking, and that of their HOCS-biased teachers (the authors), is accounted for by the prevailing LOCS-orientation and the “testing culture”—a total separation between testing and learning—in contemporary science teaching. The majority of the students in the study evaluated themselves as capable of self-assessment, and felt reasonably confident in doing so. They were quite reserved as far as the applicability of the self-assessment method to nonalgorithmic (“correct/incorrect”) questions is concerned. The results of this study suggest that the potential for student self-assessment within college science teaching and learning exists. However, still a great purposed effort in HOCS-oriented teaching and learning is required in order for the student self-assessment practice to become a routine integral component of HOCS science examinations.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

REFERENCES

  • Adey, P., and Shayer, M. (1994). Really Raising Standards, Routledge, Hants.

    Google Scholar 

  • Anderson, R. D., Anderson, B. L., Varanka-Martin, M. A., Romagnano, L., Bielenberg, J., Flory, M., Mieras, B., and Whitworth, J. (1994). Issues of Curriculum in Science, Mathematics and Higher Order Thinking Across the Disciplines, U.S. Department of Education, Office of Research, Washington, DC.

    Google Scholar 

  • Assessment Subject Group (1995). Research in Assessment XII. Science Ain't Easy, Royal Society of Chemistry, Education Division, Aston, UK.

    Google Scholar 

  • Baker, E. L. (1991). Developing comprehensive assessment of higher order thinking. In Kulm, G. (Ed.), Assessing Higher Order Thinking in Mathematics, American Association for the Advancement of Science, Washington, DC, pp. 7-29.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bol, L., and Strage, A. (1996). The contradiction between teachers instructional goals and their assessment practices in high school biology courses. Science Education 80: 145-163.

    Google Scholar 

  • Breen, T. J., Baxter, G. P., Glaser, R., and Raghavan, K. (1994). Assessment of Higher Order Thinking Skills: Evidence from Selected State Testing Program. Paper presented at the Annual Meeting of National Association of Research in Science Teaching. Anaheim, California.

  • Collins, A. (1993). Alternative Assessment in Undergraduate Science Education. Proceedings of the National Science Foundation Workshop on the role of Faculty from the Scientific Disciplines in the graduate Education of Science and Mathematics Teachers. National Science Foundation, Washington DC, pp. 123-126.

    Google Scholar 

  • Conway, P. F., Clark, C. M., and Ben-Peretz, M. (1995). The Good Test: A Mathematic Tool. Paper presented at the European Conference for Research on Learning and Instruction, Nijmegen, The Netherlands, August.

  • Crooks, T. J. (1988). The impact of classroom evaluation practices on students. Review of Educational Research 58: 438-481.

    Google Scholar 

  • Dunbar, S. B., Koretz, D. M., and Hoover, H. D. (1991). Quality control in the development and use of performance assessments. Applied Measurements in Education 4: 289-305.

    Google Scholar 

  • Falchikov, N., and Boud, D. (1989). Student self-assessment in higher education: A meta-analysis. Review of Educational Research 59: 395-430.

    Google Scholar 

  • Flavell, J. H. (1976). Metacognitive aspects of problem solving. In Resnik, L. B. (Ed.), The Nature of Intelligence, Lawrence Erlbaum, Hillside, N.J., pp. 231-235.

    Google Scholar 

  • Garcia, T., and Pintrich, P. R. (1993). Self-schemes, Motivational Strategies and Self-regulated learning. Paper presented at the Annual Meeting of the American Educational Research Association, Atlanta, Ga., April.

  • Glaser, R., and Baxter, G. P. (1994). A Cognitive Framework for Evaluating Innovative Science Assessments. Paper presented at the Annual Meeting of National Association of Research in Science Education, Anaheim, California.

  • Jorgensen, M. (1993). Assessing Habits of Mind: Performance-Based Assessment in Science and Mathematics, Eric Clearinghouse for Science, Mathematics and Science Education, Columbus, Ohio.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kamen, M. (1996). A teacher's implementation of authentic assessment in an elementary science classroom. Journal of Research in Science Teaching 33: 859-877.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kenney, P. A., and Silver, E. A. (1993). Student self-assessment in mathematics. In Webb, N. L., and Coxford, A. F. (Eds.), Assessment in the Mathematics Classroom, 1993 Yearbook, National Council of Teachers of Mathematics, Reston, Virginia., pp. 229-238.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kulm, G. (Ed.) (1991). Assessing Higher Order Thinking in Mathematics, American Association for the Advancement of Science, Washington, DC.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kulm, G., and Malcolm, S. M. (Eds.) (1991). Science Assessment in the Service of Reform, American Association for the Advancement of Science, Washington, DC.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lebold, W. K., Ward, S. K., and Budny, D. (1992). How Well Do Student Know Themselves? Mathematical Skills Self-Appraisal Survey (MSSAS), Internal Publication, Purdue University, Indiana.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lifting, I. F., Lifting B., and Eaker B. (1992). Making assessment work: What teachers should know before they try it. Science Scope 15: 4-6.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lin, M., Clement, C., Dulos, S., and Sulivan, P. (1989). Scientific reasoning during adolescence: the influence of instruction in science knowledge and reasoning strategies. Journal of Research in Science Teaching 26: 171-187.

    Google Scholar 

  • Linn, R. L. (1990). Essentials of student assessment: From accountability to instructional aid. In: Tozer, S., Anderson, T. H., and Armbruster, B. B. (Eds.), Foundational Studies in Teacher Education: A Reexamination, Teacher College Press, New York, pp. 124-138.

    Google Scholar 

  • McIntosh, W. J. (1996). Assessment in Higher Education. Journal of College Science Teaching 25: 52-53.

    Google Scholar 

  • Moscovici, H., and Gilmer, P.J. (1996). Testing alternative assessment strategies — the ups and downs of science-teaching faculty. Journal of College Science Teaching 25: 319-323.

    Google Scholar 

  • National Council of Teachers of Mathematics. (1995). Assessment Standards for School Mathematics, The Council, Reston, Virginia.

    Google Scholar 

  • National Education Goals Panel. (1993). National Education Goals Report, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.

    Google Scholar 

  • National Science Education Standards. (1996). Assessment in Science Education, National Academy of Science, National Academy Press, Washington, DC.

    Google Scholar 

  • Paris, S. G., and Winograd, P. (1990). How meta-cognition can promote academic learning and instruction. In Jones, B. F., and Idol, L. (Eds.), Dimensions of Thinking and Cognitive Instruction, Erlbaum, Hillsdale, NJ, pp. 15-51.

    Google Scholar 

  • Prawat, R. S. (1993). The value of ideas: Problems versus possibilities in learning. Educational Researcher 22: 5-16.

    Google Scholar 

  • Raudenbush, S. W., Rowan, B., and Cheong, Y. F. (1993). Higher-order instructional goals in secondary schools; Class, teacher and school influences. American Research Journal 30: 523-555.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rutherford, J. F., and Ahlgren A. (1990). Science for all Americans, Oxford University Press, New York.

    Google Scholar 

  • Shevelson, R. J., Baxter, P., and Gao, X. (1993). Sampling variability of performance assessments. Journal of Educational Measurement 30: 215-232

    Google Scholar 

  • Stallings, V., and Tascione, C. (1996). Students Self-Assessment and Self-Evaluation. The Mathematics Teacher 89: 548-554.

    Google Scholar 

  • Tobias, S., and Raphael, J. (Eds.) (1997). The Hidden Curriculum, Faculty-Made Tests in Science. Part 1-Lower Division Courses. Plenum, New York.

    Google Scholar 

  • Zoller, U. (1990). Environmental Education and the University: The ‘Problem Solving-Decision Act’ within a critical System-Thinking Framework. Higher Education in Europe 15: 5-14.

    Google Scholar 

  • Zoller, U. (1993). Are lecture and learning compatible? Maybe for LOCS: Unlikely for HOCS. Journal of Chemical Education 70: 195-197.

    Google Scholar 

  • Zoller, U. (1995). Teaching, Learning, Evaluation and Self-Evaluation of HOCS in the Process of Learning Chemistry. Proceedings of the 3rd European Conference on Research in Chemical Education. Janiak, R. M. (Ed.), Lublin-Kanimierz, Poland, September, pp. 60-67.

    Google Scholar 

  • Zoller, U., Ben-Chaim, D., and Kamm, S. D. (1997). Examination-type preferences of college science students and (their) faculty in Israel and USA: A comparative study. School Science and Mathematics 97: 3-12.

    Google Scholar 

  • Zoller, U., Nakhleh, M. B., Dori, Y. J., Lubezky, A., and Tessier, B. (1995). Success on algorithmic and LOCS vs. conceptual exam questions. Journal of Chemical Education 72: 987-989.

    Google Scholar 

  • Zoller, U., Dori, Y., and Lubezky, A. (1996). Algorithmic and LOCS vs. HOCS (chemistry) exam questions: performance and attitudes of college students. Journal of Research in Science Teaching (in press).

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Zoller, U., Ben-Chaim, D. Student Self-Assessment in HOCS Science Examinations: Is There a Problem?. Journal of Science Education and Technology 7, 135–147 (1998). https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1022512423569

Download citation

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1022512423569

Navigation