Skip to main content
Log in

Got Information? Investor Response to Form 10-K and Form 10-Q EDGAR Filings

  • Published:
Review of Accounting Studies Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

This study examines the investor response to Form 10-K and 10-Q reports filed between 1996 and 2001. The samples comprise essentially the entire body of EDGAR filings, including the small business (SB) versions of each filing type. The study documents that the absolute value of excess return is reliably greater on the day of and on the one or two days immediately following the filing date. The response is stronger around a 10-K date than a 10-Q date, more elevated for delayed filers, and increases significantly over the study period for both filing types. A regression analysis indicates that differences in response due to filing delay and year of filing are not subsumed by other attributes of the information environment, such as changes in industry composition, day of week, market capitalization, and shares held by institutions.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Afterman, A. B. (1995). SEC Regulation of Public Companies. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall.

    Google Scholar 

  • Alford, A. W., J. J. Jones and M. E. Zmijewski. (1994). “Extensions and Violations of the Statutory 10-K Filing Requirements.” Journal of Accounting and Economics 17, 229-254.

    Google Scholar 

  • Amir, E., B. Lev and T. Sougiannis. (2000). “The Incremental Value of Analysts' Earnings Forecasts in Explaining Stock Returns.” Research paper, The Recanati Graduate School of Management.

  • Asthana, S. and S. Balsam. (2001). “The Effect of EDGAR on the Market Reaction to 10-K Filings.” Journal of Accounting and Public Policy 20, 349-372.

    Google Scholar 

  • Atiase, R. (1985). “Predisclosure Information, Firm Capitalization, and Security Price Behavior Around Earnings Announcements.” Journal of Accounting Research 23, 21-36.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bamber, L. S. (1987). “Unexpected Earnings, Firm Size, and Trading Volume Around Quarterly Earnings Announcements.” The Accounting Review 67, 510-532.

    Google Scholar 

  • Beaver, W. H. (2002). “Perspectives on Recent Capital Market Research.” The Accounting Review 77, 453-474.

    Google Scholar 

  • Brown, J. R. (1985). “Corporate Communications and the Federal Securities Laws.” The George Washington Law Review 53, 85-96.

    Google Scholar 

  • Brown, S., K. Lo and T. Lys. (1999). “Use of R2 in Accounting Research: Measuring Changes in Value Relevance over the Last Four Decades.” Journal of Accounting and Economics 28, 83-115.

    Google Scholar 

  • Campbell, D. R., T. E. Chistensen, W. G. Heninger and E. K. Stice. (2001). “Market Reactions to Electronic SEC Filings: Assessing the Impact of EDGAR.” Research paper, Brigham Young University.

  • Carter M. E. and B. S. Soo. (1999). “The Relevance of Form 8-K Reports.” Journal of Accounting Research 37, 119-132.

    Google Scholar 

  • Chambers, A. E. and S. H. Penman. (1984). “The Timeliness of Reporting and the Stock Price Reaction to Earnings Announcements.” Journal of Accounting Research 22, 21-47.

    Google Scholar 

  • Collins, D., E. Maydew and I. Weiss. (1997). “Changes in the Value-Relevance of Earnings and Book Values over the Past Forty Years.” Journal of Accounting and Economics 24, 39-67.

    Google Scholar 

  • Cready, W. M. and P. G. Mynatt. (1991). “The Information Content of Annual Reports: A Price and Trading Response Analysis.” The Accounting Review 66, 291-312.

    Google Scholar 

  • Easton, P. D. and M. E. Zmijewski. (1993). “SEC Form 10K/10Q Reports and Annual Reports to Shareholders: Reporting Lags and Squared Market Model Prediction Errors.” Journal of Accounting Research 31, 113-129.

    Google Scholar 

  • El-Gazzar, S. M. (1988). “Predisclosure Information and Institutional Ownership: A Cross-sectional Examination of Market Revaluations During Earnings Announcement Periods.” The Accounting Review 73, 119-129.

    Google Scholar 

  • Etter, E. R., L. Rees and J. M. Lukawitz. (1999). “The Usefulness to Individual and Institutional Investors of Annual Earnings Announcements and SEC Filings by Non-U.S. Companies.” Journal of International Accounting, Auditing and Taxation 8, 109-131.

    Google Scholar 

  • Foster, T. W., III and D. W. Vickrey. (1978). “The Incremental Information Content of the 10-K.” The Accounting Review 58, 921-934.

    Google Scholar 

  • Foster, T. W., III, R. Jenkins and D. W. Vickrey. (1983). “Additional Evidence on the Incremental Content of the 10-K.” Journal of Business Finance and Accounting 10, 57-66.

    Google Scholar 

  • Francis, J., K. Schipper and L. Vincent. (2002). “Earnings Announcements and Competing Information.” Journal of Accounting and Economics 33, 314-332.

    Google Scholar 

  • Francis, J., K. Schipper and L. Vincent. (2003). “The Relative and Incremental Explanatory Power of Earnings and Alternative (to Earnings) Performance Measures for Returns.” Contemporary Accounting Research 20, 121-164.

    Google Scholar 

  • Frankel, R., S. P. Kothari and J. P. Weber. (2002). “Determinants of the Informativeness of Analyst Research.” Working Paper 4243-02, Sloan School of Management, MIT.

  • Freeman, R. (1987). “The Association Between Accounting Earnings and Security Returns for Large and Small Firms.” Journal of Accounting and Economics 9, 195-228.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gibbons, S. M. R. and P. Hess. (1981). “Day of the Week Effects and Asset Returns.” Journal of Business 54, 579-596.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gompers, P. A. and A. Metrick. (1987). “Are the 100 Million Dollar Managers Just Like Everyone Else? An Analysis of the Stock Ownership of Large Institutions.” Research paper, Harvard University and NBER.

  • Greene, W. H. (1993). Econometric Analysis. Second Edition. New York: Macmillan Publishing Company.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lakonishok, J. and I. Lee. (2001). “Are Insider Trades Informative?” Review of Financial Studies 14, 779- 811.

    Google Scholar 

  • Landsman, W. R. and E. L. Maydew. (2002). “Has the Information Content of Quarterly Earnings Announcements Declined in the Past Three Decades?” Journal of Accounting Research 40, 797-808.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lev, B. (1989). “On the Usefulness of Earnings: Lessons and Directions from Two Decades of Empirical Research.” Journal of Accounting Research 27, Supplement, 153-192.

    Google Scholar 

  • May, R. G. (1971). “The Influence of Quarterly Earnings Announcements on Investor Decisions as Reflected in Common Stock Price Changes.” Journal of Accounting Research 9, Supplement, 119-63.

    Google Scholar 

  • Qi, D., W. Wu and I. Haw. (2000). “The Incremental Information Content of SEC 10-K Reports Filed Under the EDGAR System.” Journal of Accounting, Auditing and Finance 15, 25–46.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rohrbach, K. and R. Chandra. (1989). “The Power of Beaver's U Against a Variance Increase in Market Model Residuals.” Journal of Accounting Research 27, 145-155.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sanders, R. A. and S. K. Das. (2000). “An Outline of the SEC's EDGAR Rules as Applied to Filings Processed by the Divisions of Corporation Finance and Investment Management.” Securities and Exchange Commission, Washington D.C., November 14.

    Google Scholar 

  • Schmerken, I. (2000). “Edgar Online Mines SEC Data for Profit.” Wall Street & Technology, Supplement: e-Business. New York: Dow Jones Publishing.

    Google Scholar 

  • Securities and Exchange Commission. (1993). Release No. 33-6977, 58 Federal Register 14628, Securities and Exchange Commission, Washington D.C., February 23.

  • Sloan, R. (1996). “Do Stock Prices Fully Reflect Information in Accruals and Cash Flows About Future Earnings?” The Accounting Review 71, 289-315.

    Google Scholar 

  • Stice, E. K. (1991). “The Market Reaction to 10-K and 10-Q Filings and to Subsequent Wall Street Journal Earnings Announcements.” The Accounting Review 66, 42-55.

    Google Scholar 

  • Wilson, G. P. (1986). “The Relative Information Content of Accruals and Cash Flows: Combined Evidence at the Earnings Announcement and Annual Report Release Date.” Journal of Accounting Research 24, Supplement, 165-200.

    Google Scholar 

  • Wilson, G. P. (1987). “The Incremental Information Content of the Accrual and Funds Components of Earnings After Controlling for Earnings.” The Accounting Review 62, 293-322.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Griffin, P.A. Got Information? Investor Response to Form 10-K and Form 10-Q EDGAR Filings. Review of Accounting Studies 8, 433–460 (2003). https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1027351630866

Download citation

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1027351630866

Navigation