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A role for oestrogens in the male reproductive system

Nature volume 390, pages 509–512 (1997)Cite this article

Abstract

Oestrogen is considered to be the ‘female’ hormone, whereas testosterone is considered the ‘male’ hormone. However, both hormones are present in both sexes. Thus sexual distinctions are not qualitative differences, but rather result from quantitative divergence in hormone concentrations and differential expressions of steroid hormone receptors. In males, oestrogen is present in low concentrations in blood, but can be extraordinarily high in semen, and as high as 250 pg ml−1in rete testis fluids1,2, which is higher than serum oestradiol in the female3. It is well known that male reproductive tissues express oestrogen receptors4,5,6,7, but the role of oestrogen in male reproduction has remained unclear. Here we provide evidence of a physiological role for oestrogen in male reproductive organs. We show that oestrogen regulates the reabsorption of luminal fluid in the head of the epididymis. Disruption of this essential function causes sperm to enter the epididymis diluted, rather than concentrated, resulting in infertility. This finding raises further concern over the potential direct effects of environmental oestrogens on male reproduction and reported declines in human sperm counts8,9.

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Figure 1: Seminiferous tubules, rete testis and efferent ductules in ERKO and wild-type mice.
Figure 2: Testicular mass between 32 and 185 days of age (mean ± s.e.m.).
Figure 3: Change in testis mass 48 h after occlusion of the initial-segment epididymis.
Figure 4: Ligated efferent ductules in vitro.
Figure 5: The effects of in vitro ligation on changes in luminal area of efferent ductule segments 24 h after ligation.

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Acknowledgements

We thank E. Jassim and C. Finnigan-Bunick for technical assistance, P. Cooke, V. K. Ganjam and D. J. Miller for reviews of the manuscript and A. Wakeling and Zeneca Pharmaceuticals for providing ICI 182, 780.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Veterinary Biosciences, University of Illinois, 2001 S. Lincoln, Urbana, 61802, Illinois, USA

    Rex A. Hess, David Bunick & Ki-Ho Lee

  2. Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana, 61801, Illinois, USA

    Janice Bahr

  3. Departments of Biochemistry and Child Health, University of Missouri, Columbia, 65211, Missouri, USA

    Julia A. Taylor & Dennis B. Lubahn

  4. National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, NIH, RTP, 27709, North Carolina, USA

    Kenneth S. Korach

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Correspondence to Rex A. Hess.

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Hess, R., Bunick, D., Lee, KH. et al. A role for oestrogens in the male reproductive system. Nature 390, 509–512 (1997). https://doi.org/10.1038/37352

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