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Epidemiology

The oral microbiome in relation to pancreatic cancer risk in African Americans

British Journal of Cancer volume 126, pages 287–296 (2022)Cite this article

Subjects

Abstract

Background

African Americans have the highest pancreatic cancer incidence of any racial/ethnic group in the United States. The oral microbiome was associated with pancreatic cancer risk in a recent study, but no such studies have been conducted in African Americans. Poor oral health, which can be a cause or effect of microbial populations, was associated with an increased risk of pancreatic cancer in a single study of African Americans.

Methods

We prospectively investigated the oral microbiome in relation to pancreatic cancer risk among 122 African-American pancreatic cancer cases and 354 controls. DNA was extracted from oral wash samples for metagenomic shotgun sequencing. Alpha and beta diversity of the microbial profiles were calculated. Multivariable conditional logistic regression was used to estimate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for associations between microbes and pancreatic cancer risk.

Results

No associations were observed with alpha or beta diversity, and no individual microbial taxa were differentially abundant between cases and control, after accounting for multiple comparisons. Among never smokers, there were elevated ORs for known oral pathogens: Porphyromonas gingivalis (OR = 1.69, 95% CI: 0.80–3.56), Prevotella intermedia (OR = 1.40, 95% CI: 0.69–2.85), and Tannerella forsythia (OR = 1.36, 95% CI: 0.66–2.77).

Conclusions

Previously reported associations between oral taxa and pancreatic cancer were not present in this African-American population overall.

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Data availability

The oral microbiome data produced in the current study are available via the database of Genotypes and Phenotypes (dpGaP, accession number: phs002454.v1.p1).

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Acknowledgements

Pathology data were obtained from the following state cancer registries (AZ, CA, CO, CT, DE, DC, FL, GA, IL, IN, KY, LA, MD, MA, MI, NJ, NY, NC, OK, PA, SC, TN, TX, VA), and results reported do not necessarily represent their views. We thank participants and staff of the BWHS and SCCS for their contributions.

Funding

This work was supported by National Institutes of Health grants U01 CA164974, U01 CA187508 and R01 CA058420; the Karin Grunebaum Cancer Research Foundation and Boston University Peter Paul Career Development Professorship.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Slone Epidemiology Center, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA

    Jessica L. Petrick, Hanna Gerlovin & Julie R. Palmer

  2. Department of Biostatistics, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA

    Jeremy E. Wilkinson & Curtis Huttenhower

  3. Department of Public Health and Community Medicine, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA

    Dominique S. Michaud

  4. Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA

    Qiuyin Cai, Jirong Long, Yaohua Yang & Xiao-Ou Shu

  5. Division of Cancer Prevention, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA

    Lisa B. Signorello

  6. Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA

    Brian M. Wolpin

  7. Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI, USA

    Edward A. Ruiz-Narváez

  8. Department of Medicine, Division of Computational Biomedicine, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA

    W. Evan Johnson

  9. Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA

    Curtis Huttenhower

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  1. Jessica L. Petrick
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Contributions

Statistical analysis, interpretation of data, drafting of the paper and critical revision of the paper for important intellectual content: JLP. Statistical analysis, interpretation of data and critical revision of the paper for important intellectual content: JEW and HG. Study concept and design, analysis and interpretation of data, and critical revision of the paper for important intellectual content: DSM and CH. Interpretation of data and critical revision of the paper for important intellectual content: QC, BMW, EAR-N, JL, YY, and WEJ. Study concept and design, acquisition of data, analysis and interpretation of data and critical revision of the paper for important intellectual content: LBS and X-OS. Study concept and design, acquisition of data, analysis and interpretation of data, drafting of the paper and critical revision of the paper for important intellectual content: JRP. All authors approved the final draft submitted.

Corresponding authors

Correspondence to Jessica L. Petrick or Julie R. Palmer.

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Ethics approval and consent to participate

All study participants provided written informed consent. The Institutional Review Boards of Boston University (Boston, MA) and Vanderbilt University Medical Center and Meharry Medical College (Nashville, TN) approved the BWHS and SCCS, respectively, and reviewed the studies annually.

Competing interests

BMW has received research funding from Celgene and Eli Lily and also serves as a consultant for BioLineRx, Celgene and Grail. The other authors declare no competing interests.

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Petrick, J.L., Wilkinson, J.E., Michaud, D.S. et al. The oral microbiome in relation to pancreatic cancer risk in African Americans. Br J Cancer 126, 287–296 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41416-021-01578-5

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