Color tuning of (K1−x,Nax)SrPO4:0.005Eu2+, yTb3+ blue-emitting phosphors via crystal field modulation and energy transfer†
Abstract
Two series of K1−xNaxSrPO4:0.005Eu2+ and K0.4Na0.6Sr0.995−yPO4:0.005Eu2+, yTb3+ phosphors are synthesized via a high-temperature solid-state reaction. Their emission color can be tuned from deep blue to blue–green by modulating the crystal field strength and energy transfer. Partial substitution of K+ with Na+ results in a contraction and distortion of the unit cell of the K1−xNaxSr0.995PO4:0.005Eu2+ host, tuning the emission from 426 to 498 nm. The red-shifted emission is attributed to an increased crystal field splitting for Eu2+ in a lowered symmetry crystal field. The tunable emission is further demonstrated in the cathodoluminescence spectra, which indicates that the luminescence distribution of the K1−xNaxSr0.995PO4:0.005Eu2+ phosphor is very homogenous. Additionally, utilizing the principle of energy transfer, the emission color can be further tuned by co-doping with Tb3+. The chromaticity coordinates for the co-doped phosphor, K0.4Na0.6Sr0.995−yPO4:0.005Eu2+, yTb3+, can be adjusted from (0.202, 0.406) for y = 0 to (0.232, 0.420) for y = 0.09. The energy transfer processes from the sensitizer (Eu2+) to the activator (Tb3+) are studied and demonstrated to have a resonance-type dipole–dipole interaction mechanism, with the critical distance of the energy transfer calculated to be 12.46 Å using a concentration quenching method.
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