* Corresponding authors

^a Department of Chemistry, University of California-Berkeley, Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Kavli Energy NanoSciences Institute, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
E-mail: yaghi@berkeley.edu

^b School of Molecular Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287, USA
E-mail: mokeeffe@asu.edu

^c Department of Physics, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287, USA

^d King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology, Riyadh 11442, Saudi Arabia