A novel electrochemical lung cancer biomarker cytokeratin 19 fragment antigen 21-1 immunosensor based on Si3N4/MoS2 incorporated MWCNTs and core–shell type magnetic nanoparticles

Mehmet Lütfi Yola; Necip Atar; Nermin Özcan

doi:10.1039/D1NR00244A

A novel electrochemical lung cancer biomarker cytokeratin 19 fragment antigen 21-1 immunosensor based on Si₃N₄/MoS₂ incorporated MWCNTs and core–shell type magnetic nanoparticles†

Mehmet Lütfi Yola,

*^a Necip Atar^b and Nermin Özcan^c

Author affiliations

* Corresponding authors

^a Hasan Kalyoncu University, Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Gaziantep, Turkey
E-mail: mlutfi.yola@hku.edu.tr
Fax: +903422118081
Tel: +903422118080

^b Pamukkale University, Faculty of Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Denizli, Turkey

^c Iskenderun Technical University, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Hatay, Turkey

Abstract

Lung cancer is one of deadliest and most life threatening cancer types. Cytokeratin 19 fragment antigen 21-1 (CYFRA 21-1) is a significant biomarker for the diagnosis of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Due to these reasons, a novel electrochemical immunosensor based on a silicon nitride (Si₃N₄)–molybdenum disulfide (MoS₂) composite on multi-walled carbon nanotubes (Si₃N₄/MoS₂–MWCNTs) as an electrochemical sensor platform and core–shell type magnetic mesoporous silica nanoparticles@gold nanoparticles (MMSNs@AuNPs) as a signal amplifier was presented for CYFRA21-1 detection in this study. Capture antibody (Ab₁) immobilization on a Si₃N₄/MoS₂–MWCNT modified glassy carbon electrode (Si₃N₄/MoS₂–MWCNTs/GCE) was firstly successfully performed by stable electrostatic/ionic interactions between the –NH₂ groups of the capture antibody and the polar groups of Si₃N₄/MoS₂. Then, specific antibody–antigen interactions between the electrochemical sensor platform and the signal amplifier formed a novel voltammetric CYFRA21-1 immunosensor. The prepared composite materials and electrochemical sensor surfaces were characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), cyclic voltammetry (CV) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). A linearity range of 0.01–1.0 pg mL⁻¹ and a low detection limit (LOD) of 2.00 fg mL⁻¹ were also obtained for analytical applications. Thus, the proposed immunosensor based on Si₃N₄/MoS₂–MWCNTs and MMSNs@AuNPs has great potential for medical diagnosis of lung cancer.

This article is part of the themed collection: Nanoscale and Nanoscale Horizons: Nanobiotechnology and Nanomedicine

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Article information

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1039/D1NR00244A
Article type: Paper
Submitted: 13 Jan 2021
Accepted: 02 Feb 2021
First published: 02 Feb 2021

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Nanoscale, 2021,13, 4660-4669

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A novel electrochemical lung cancer biomarker cytokeratin 19 fragment antigen 21-1 immunosensor based on Si₃N₄/MoS₂ incorporated MWCNTs and core–shell type magnetic nanoparticles

M. L. Yola, N. Atar and N. Özcan, Nanoscale, 2021, 13, 4660 DOI: 10.1039/D1NR00244A

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