Issue 8, 2022

Using small angle scattering to understand low molecular weight gels

Abstract

The material properties of a gel are determined by the underpinning network that immobilises the solvent. When gels are formed by the self-assembly of small molecules into a so-called low molecular weight gel, the network is the result of the molecules forming one-dimensional objects such as fibres or nanotubes which entangle or otherwise cross-link to form a three-dimensional network. Characterising the one-dimensional objects and the network is difficult. Many conventional techniques rely on drying to probe the network, which often leads to artefacts. An effective tool to probe the gel in the solvated state is small angle scattering. Both small angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) and small angle neutron scattering (SANS) can be used. Here, we discuss these approaches and provide a tutorial review to describe how these approaches work, what opportunities there are and how the data treatment should be approached. We aim to show the power of this approach and provide enabling information to make them accessible to the non-specialist.

Graphical abstract: Using small angle scattering to understand low molecular weight gels

Article information

Article type
Tutorial Review
Submitted
01 Dec 2021
Accepted
07 Feb 2022
First published
07 Feb 2022
This article is Open Access
Creative Commons BY license

Soft Matter, 2022,18, 1577-1590

Using small angle scattering to understand low molecular weight gels

D. McDowall, D. J. Adams and A. M. Seddon, Soft Matter, 2022, 18, 1577 DOI: 10.1039/D1SM01707A

This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported Licence. You can use material from this article in other publications without requesting further permissions from the RSC, provided that the correct acknowledgement is given.

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