Issue 9, 2022

RuII-Complexes of heteroditopic chelating NHC ligands: effective catalysts for the β-alkylation of secondary alcohols and the synthesis of 2-alkylaminoquinoline derivatives following the dehydrogenative protocol

Abstract

RuII-Complexes of chelating heteroditopic N-heterocyclic carbene ligands featuring imidazol-2-ylidene (ImNHC) and 1,2,3-triazol-5-ylidene (tzNHC) donors connected via a CH2 spacer, 1a–c, were found to be very effective catalysts for the cross-coupling of secondary and primary alcohols with the elimination of H2O. Diverse β-alkylated secondary alcohols were thus obtained by following this method in excellent yields of up to 95% by employing a very low catalyst (1a) loading of 0.01–0.001 mol% along with the inexpensive base KOH. Mechanistically, the present protocol follows the borrowing hydrogen strategy which was established by various control experiments including deuterium labelling experiments and importantly, 1H NMR and ESI-MS analyses validated the participation of a Ru–H species in the catalytic cycle. Remarkably, the present system displayed the highest Ru-based TON of 396 000 for the β-benzylation of 1-phenylethanol with a catalyst loading of 1 ppm (0.0001 mol%). Additionally, diverse 2-alkylaminoquinoline derivatives were synthesized in a one-pot manner from 2-aminobenzyl alcohol, 2-arylacetonitrile, and various primary alcohols.

Graphical abstract: RuII-Complexes of heteroditopic chelating NHC ligands: effective catalysts for the β-alkylation of secondary alcohols and the synthesis of 2-alkylaminoquinoline derivatives following the dehydrogenative protocol

Supplementary files

Article information

Article type
Paper
Submitted
06 Jan 2022
Accepted
02 Feb 2022
First published
03 Feb 2022

Org. Biomol. Chem., 2022,20, 1945-1951

RuII-Complexes of heteroditopic chelating NHC ligands: effective catalysts for the β-alkylation of secondary alcohols and the synthesis of 2-alkylaminoquinoline derivatives following the dehydrogenative protocol

V. K. Singh, S. N. R. Donthireddy, V. K. Pandey and A. Rit, Org. Biomol. Chem., 2022, 20, 1945 DOI: 10.1039/D2OB00034B

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