ResearchAntibiotic-Resistance Patterns of Gram-Negative Bacterial Isolates From Breeder Canaries (Serinus canaria domestica) With Clinical Disease
Section snippets
Sample Collection
During the breeding season, from March to September 2012, a bacteriological survey was carried out in 50 amateur breeding aviaries from Messina Province (Sicily, South of Italy) to detect the prevalence of Gram-negative bacteria in sick canaries. Fecal samples from breeder canaries were submitted for bacteriological examination. In each breeding facility, multiple freshly dropped feces from 5 canary cages, housing birds with signs of illness, were pooled and submitted as an individual sample.
Results
Of 50 breeding aviaries, 43 (86%) were positive for Gram-negative bacteria. Overall, 88 bacterial isolates, representing 12 genera of bacteria, were cultured. The bacterial species isolated are reported in Table 1. The most frequently recovered bacterial species was E. coli (31/88 isolates, 35.2%). Among the Enterobacteriaceae family, other frequently isolated species were Enterobacter cloacae (9/88 isolates, 10.2%) and Proteus mirabilis (6/88 isolates, 6.8%). Potentially pathogenic species,
Discussion
In this study, a high percentage of multidrug-resistant Gram-negative isolates were identified in canaries showing clinical signs of illness. These findings differ from previous observations that have reported a higher incidence of Gram-positive bacteria in various species of birds.7 The differing results of this study from previous published reports may be owing to the earlier investigations reporting higher than expected rates of Enterobacteria from fresh fecal samples in both clinically
Conclusions
At present, there is a lack of data regarding pathogenic bacteria in domestic birds showing no overt signs of clinical disease, and more studies should be conducted to build further knowledge on the true clinical significance of the current findings in relation to potential zoonosis. Limiting aspects of the present study were related to the lack of cultures obtained from apparently healthy animals or the environment, and a lack of evaluation for other etiologic agents and infectious causes
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