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DOI: 10.1055/a-1477-6000
„Also Stress ist jeden Tag“ – Ursachen und Bewältigung von arbeitsbedingten Fehlbelastungen im Krankenhaus aus Sicht der Beschäftigten. Eine qualitative Studie
“Stress Occurs Every Day” – Reasons for Work-Related Burden in Hospitals and Coping of Staff. A Qualitative StudyDieses Projekt wird gefördert vom Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung (BMBF) unter dem Förderkennzeichen 01GL1752A. Das BMBF hat und hatte keinen Einfluss auf das Design der Studie, die Datenerhebung, Datenanalyse, Interpretation oder Dissemination der Ergebnisse. Förderkennzeichen 01GL1752A.
Zusammenfassung
Ziel der Studie Befragung von Mitarbeitern im Krankenhaus zu arbeitsbedingten Fehlbelastungen und Stressfolgen sowie Konsequenzen für Interventionen zur Stressreduktion am Arbeitsplatz.
Methodik Es wurden 6 Fokusgruppen und 7 semistrukturierte Interviews mit 34 Krankenhausmitarbeitern durchgeführt, welche inhaltsanalytisch ausgewertet wurden.
Ergebnisse Mitarbeiter berichteten von Stressfolgen durch Personalmangel, hohes Arbeitsaufkommen, fehlende Rückzugs- und Versorgungsmöglichkeiten, fehlende Absprachen, intransparente Arbeitsabläufe, Teamkonflikte und fehlende Wertschätzung. Berichtete Faktoren, die zur Reduktion von Stressfolgen führten, waren soziale Unterstützung, Arbeitszeitreduktion, Sport und Entscheidungskompetenzen.
Schlussfolgerung Interventionen zur Reduktion arbeitsbedingter Fehlbelastungen im Krankenhaus sollten sowohl berufsgruppenspezifische Interventionsangebote sowie organisationale Normen und strukturelle Rahmenbedingungen berücksichtigen.
Abstract
Objective Workplace exposures are considered to be high in hospital staff. Workplace interventions might be an appropriate way to reduce workplace exposures. Therefore, views of hospital staff on reasons and implications of workplace exposures were assessed and consequences for workplace interventions were considered.
Methods Six focus groups and seven semi-structured interviews were conducted with 34 members of hospital staff in total. Qualitative Content Analysis was performed.
Results Stress occurs due to a lack of personnel, high workload, missing common-rooms for breaks and lunch, missing communication, a lack of clarity in work processes, team conflicts and a lack of appreciation. Social support, work breaks, reduction of working hours, physical activity and empowerment were mentioned as factors leading to stress reduction.
Conclusion Possible stress reduction by means of problem-related coping and emotional coping depending on hospital structure and culture.
Schlüsselwörter
Krankenhaus - Krankenhausmitarbeiter*innen - arbeitsbedingte Fehlbelastung - Bewältigungsstrategie - qualitative Studie- Supplementary material
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Publication History
Article published online:
20 May 2021
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