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CC BY 4.0 · Eur J Dent 2023; 17(04): 1207-1214
DOI: 10.1055/s-0043-1761190
Original Article

Evaluation of the Efficacy of Human Dental Pulp Stem Cell Transplantation in Sprague–Dawley Rats with Sensorial Neural Hearing Loss

Visut Rawiwet
1   Central Animal Facility, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University (MUSC-CAF), Bangkok, Thailand
,
Rattanavijit Vijitruth
2   Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
,
Chareonsri Thonabulsombat
3   Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
,
Kutkao Vongsavan
4   Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
,
Hathaitip Sritanaudomchai
5   Department of Oral Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
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Abstract

Objectives The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the efficacy of spiral ganglion neuron (SGN) regeneration after dental pulp stem cell (DPSC) transplantation in a rat sensorineural hearing loss (HL) model.

Materials and Methods Sham or experimental HL was induced in adult Sprague–Dawley rats by cochlear round window surgery. An HL rat model was established with a single 10 mM ouabain intratympanic injection. After 7 days, the rats received DPSCs, stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth (SHED), or culture medium in the sutural area to establish four groups: sham, HL-DPSC, HL-SHED, and HL-medium. Histological analyses were performed at 4, 7, and 10 weeks after transplantation, and the number of SGNs, specific SGN protein expression, and the function of SGNs were evaluated.

Statistical Analysis Data were statistically by MS Excel and SPSS v.15.0. Intergroup level of significance was determined via a one-way analysis of variance and Duncan's multiple range test with 95% confidence intervals.

Results New SGN formation was observed in the HL-DPSC and HL-SHED rat groups. The number of SGNs was significantly higher in the HL-DPSC and HL-SHED groups than in the HL-medium group over 4 to 10-week survival period. HL-DPSC rats exhibited higher SGN density compared with that in HL-SHED group, which was statistically significant at week 10. The regenerated SGNs expressed cochlear wiring regulator GATA-binding-protein 3. Moreover, the SGNs from the HL-DPSC group also exhibited a higher expression of synaptic vesicle protein and regulated action potential-dependent neurotransmitter release compared with SGNs from the HL-SHED group.

Conclusions Our findings suggest that DPSCs and SHED repair and regenerate SGNs in rat HL model. Dental pulp stem cells represent a promising treatment strategy for restoring damage to the sensory circuits associated with deafness.

Keywords

dental pulp stem cells - neuronal cell differentiation - sensorineural HL - spiral ganglion neurons


Publication History

Article published online:
30 January 2023

© 2023. The Author(s). This is an open access article published by Thieme under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, permitting unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction so long as the original work is properly cited. (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/)

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