Abstract
Edward Said has enriched our understanding of ‘othering’ by insisting that the relationship between the Orient and the Occident has been produced as part of a discourse articulated by Western colonial powers — a discourse ‘of power, of domination, of varying degrees of a complex hegemony’ (1978, p. 5). Following Said, some scholars in first-generation critical international relations1 have examined Western foreign-policy discourses about non-Western others through such binaries as ‘East-West’, ‘Occident-Orient’ (‘West-rest’), ‘insider-outsider’, and ‘order-threat’. Drawing on an ‘Asian-Pacific’ case study and an articulation of trade-competitiveness-development discourses in the post-Cold War era between the USA, Japan and the East Asian newly-industrializing countries (hereafter NICs), this chapter proposes a second-generation approach that criticizes and re-examines the unclear boundaries implied in these dichotomies. It thereby broadens the range of ‘others’ to be examined, highlights the variety of discourses deployed to construct difference and otherness, and analyses the politics of difference involved in these various constructions. In particular, it suggests three ‘new kinds of Orientalism’ that go beyond the alleged ‘clashes of civilizations’ between ‘East’ and ‘West’.
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© 1999 British Sociological Association
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Sum, NL. (1999). New Orientalisms, Global Capitalism, and the Politics of Synergetic Differences:. In: Brah, A., Hickman, M.J., an Ghaill, M.M. (eds) Global Futures. Explorations in Sociology. Palgrave Macmillan, London. https://doi.org/10.1057/9780230378537_6
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1057/9780230378537_6
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