Abstract
Media advocacy, or advocacy seeking media attention, can shape the policy environment, but the relationship between the nature of news media coverage of public health topics and policy outcomes has received insufficient research attention. We present the first large-scale study of news coverage of tobacco to focus on the potential impact for policy outcomes. Through our analysis of 9,859 tobacco-focused news articles from 100 leading US daily newspapers between 2001 and 2003 we examined whether tobacco issues are newsworthy, and if so, whether coverage is favorable to policy progress. We found strong evidence for newsworthiness, and a tendency for coverage to highlight policy approaches to tackling tobacco. Coverage emphasized successes rather than setbacks, and newspaper editors lent support to tobacco control positions. There were, however, areas that did not garner sufficient attention to sustain a meaningful policy message. Our analysis of coverage of controversial issues also revealed areas where tobacco control efforts seem to pushing against ideological boundaries.
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Notes
In 1998, the Attorneys General of 46 US states signed an agreement, The Master Settlement Agreement, with the four largest domestic tobacco companies to settle state lawsuits aimed at recovering state costs associated with treating smoking-related illnesses.
The Framework Convention for Tobacco Control is a global health treaty aimed at reducing both the supply and demand for tobacco. It is organized under the auspices of the World Health Organization.
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Acknowledgements
This work was supported by Grant RO 1 CA 86273-01 from the National Cancer Institute Tobacco Research Initiative for State and Community Interventions program as well as by the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation's SmokeLess States Evaluation. This study was completed while Melanie Wakefield was supported by a VicHealth Senior Research Fellowship. We thank the coding team: Ann Haggerty, Catherine Siebel, Ryan Wyels and Laura Yelmini.
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How news coverage has affected public perceptions of smoking. Coverage emphasized successes rather than setbacks, and newspaper editors lent support to tobacco control positions.
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Smith, K., Wakefield, M. & Edsall, E. The Good News About Smoking: How do US Newspapers Cover Tobacco Issues?. J Public Health Pol 27, 166–181 (2006). https://doi.org/10.1057/palgrave.jphp.3200079
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1057/palgrave.jphp.3200079