Analysis of the Effect of Several Types of Shade on the Productivity of Robusta Coffee

Coffee is a commodity that plays an important role in economic activity and is Indonesia's leading export which contributes to foreign exchange for the country. The coffee market opportunity is quite potential due to increased export demand and domestic consumption. But when viewed from the development of the number of coffee productivity per year has decreased every year. The decline in coffee productivity was caused by many factors, one of which was the coffee shade plant. The purpose of this study was to analyze the factors that influence the types of coffee shade plants so that they have an impact on the level of coffee productivity. This study used 25 farmers as respondents in Jember Regency and Banyuwangi Regency. Observations on one of the coffee plantations in the Jember area with four different types of shade. The research variables to be measured include biotic factors, abiotic factors and management and productivity of coffee. Data collection used interviews and direct observations on coffee plantations. The results of this study indicate that different types of shade plants have an effect on coffee productivity. The results of measurement of biotic and abiotic factors present in each shade mostly have different results. With different factor levels, it will affect coffee growth which will affect the number of coffee cherries produced so that each type of shade has a different amount of productivity. For one year Gliricidia sepium has an average productivity yield of 2500 kg / hectare, Carica papaya has an average productivity yield of 1000 kg / hectare, Tectona grandis has an average productivity yield of 700 kg / hectare, and Falacataria mollucana has an average productivity of 450 kg / acres. The conclusion of this study is the use of different shade plants affects coffee productivity.