1887

Abstract

has been shown to vary in its phenotypic expression with the progression of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. Isolates of were obtained from 45 patients with HIV infection during the progression of their disease and differentiated using two methods. The first utilized the morphological characteristics of colonies, and the second method utilized a small portion of DNA as a probe on Southern-transferred, Rl-digested genomic DNA. In 67% of the patients a single strain of , as determined by the DNA analysis, was isolated from each individual. The phenotypic expression of the genetically identical strains varied considerably over the experimental period with one morphotype being predominant. These results showed that the genotype of persisted in the majority of HIV-infected individuals, but that the phenotypical expression of this strain changed. A novel finding in this study was that 18 strains of had DNA which did not hybridize to the probe used.

Loading

Article metrics loading...

/content/journal/micro/10.1099/13500872-140-5-1195
1994-05-01
2024-04-18
Loading full text...

Full text loading...

/deliver/fulltext/micro/140/5/mic-140-5-1195.html?itemId=/content/journal/micro/10.1099/13500872-140-5-1195&mimeType=html&fmt=ahah

References

  1. Anderson J.M., Soil D. R. 1987; Unique phenotype of opaque cells in the white-opaque transition of Candida albicans. . J Bacteriol 169:5579–5588
    [Google Scholar]
  2. Arendorf T.M., Walker D. M. 1980; The prevalence and intraoral distribution of Candida albicans in man. Arch Oral Biol 25:1–10
    [Google Scholar]
  3. Auger P., Dumas C., Joly J. 1979; A study of 666 strains of Candida albicans: correlation between serotype and susceptibility to 5-fluorocytosine. J Infect Dis 139:590–594
    [Google Scholar]
  4. Blumberg H. M., Hendershot E. F., Lott T. J. 1992; Persistence of the same Candida albicans strain despite fluconazole therapy. Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis 15:545–547
    [Google Scholar]
  5. Brawner D.L. 1991; Comparison between methods for sero- typing of Candida albicans produces discrepancies in results. J Clin Microbiol 29:1020–1025
    [Google Scholar]
  6. Brawner D.L., Cutler J. E. 1989; Oral Candida albicans isolates from non-hospitalized normal carriers, immunocompetent hospitalized patients, and immunocompromised patients with or without acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. J Clin Microbiol 27:1335–1341
    [Google Scholar]
  7. Brawner D. L., Anderson G. L., Yuen K. Y. 1992; Serotype prevalence of Candida albicans from blood culture isolates. J Clin Microbiol 30:149–153
    [Google Scholar]
  8. Caugant D.A., Sandven P. 1993; Epidemiological analysis of Candida albicans strains by multilocus enzyme electrophoresis. J Clin Microbiol 31:215–220
    [Google Scholar]
  9. Fox B. C., Mobley H. L. T., Wade J. C. 1989; The use of a DNA probe for epidemiological studies of candidiasis in immuno-compromised hosts. J Infect Dis 159:488–494
    [Google Scholar]
  10. Gallagher P. J., Bennet D. E., Henman M. C., Russel R. J., Flint S. R., Shanley D. B., Coleman D. C. 1992; Reduced azole susceptibility of oral isolates of Candida albicans from HIV-positive patients and a derivative exhibiting colony morphology variation. J Gen Microbiol 138:1901–1911
    [Google Scholar]
  11. Greenspan D., Schiodt M., Greenspan J. S., Pindborg J. J. 1990 AIDS and the Mouth. Copenhagen: Munksgaard;
    [Google Scholar]
  12. Hasenclever H.F., Mitchell W. O. 1961a; Antigenic studies of Candida. I. Observation of two groups in Candida albicans. . J Bacteriol 82:570–573
    [Google Scholar]
  13. Hasenclever H.F., Mitchell W. O. 1961b; Antigenic studies of Candida. III. Comparative pathogenicity of Candida albicans group A, Group B Candida stellatoidea. . J Bacteriol 82:578–581
    [Google Scholar]
  14. Holmstrup P., Samaranayake L. P. 1990; Acute and AIDS- related oral candidosis.. In Oral Candidosis pp. 133–155 Edited by Samaranayake L. P., MacFarlane T. W. London: Wright;
    [Google Scholar]
  15. Hunter P.R., Fraser C. A. M. 1989; Application of a numerical index of discriminatory power to a comparison of four physio- chemical typing methods for Candida albicans. . J Clin Microbiol 27:2156–2160
    [Google Scholar]
  16. Hunter P. R., Fraser C. A., Mackenzie D. W. 1989; Morpho-type markers of virulence in human candidal infections. J Med Microbiol 28:85–91
    [Google Scholar]
  17. Korting H. C., Ollert M., Georgii A., Froschl M. 1988; In vitro susceptibilities and biotypes of Candida albicans isolates from the oral cavities of patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus. J Clin Microbiol 26:2626–2631
    [Google Scholar]
  18. MacFarlane T. W. 1990; Ecology and epidemiology of Candida. . In Oral Candidosis pp. 21–46 Edited by Samaranayake L. P., MacFarlane T. W. London: Wright;
    [Google Scholar]
  19. Magee B. B., D'Souza T. M., Magee P. T. 1987; Strain and species identification by restriction fragment length polymorphisms in the ribosomal DNA repeat of Candida species. J Bacteriol 169:1639–1643
    [Google Scholar]
  20. Martin M.V., Lamb D. J. 1982; Frequency of Candida albicans serotypes in patients with denture-induced stomatitis and in normal denture wearers. J Clin Pathol 35:888–891
    [Google Scholar]
  21. Matthews R., Burnie J. 1989; Assessment of DNA fingerprints for rapid identification of outbreaks of systemic candidiasis.. Br Med J 298:354–357
    [Google Scholar]
  22. Merz W.G. 1990; Candida albicans strain delineation. Clin Microbiol Rev 3:321–334
    [Google Scholar]
  23. Miyasaki S. H., Hicks J. B., Greenspan D., Polacheck I., MacPhail L. A., White T. C., Agabian N., Greenspan J. S. 1992; The identification and tracking of Candida albicans isolates from oral lesions in HIV-seropositive individuals. J Acquired Immune Defic Syndr 5:1039–1046
    [Google Scholar]
  24. Monod M., Porchet S., Baudraz-Rosselet F., Frenk E. 1990; The identification of pathogenic yeast strains by electrophoretic analysis of their chromosomes. J Med Microbiol 32:123–129
    [Google Scholar]
  25. Oliver A.J., Reade P. C. 1993; Morphotypes of oral isolates of Candida albicans from patients infected with the human immunodeficiency virus. J Med Vet My col 31:289–297
    [Google Scholar]
  26. Phongpaitchit S., Mackenzie D. W. R., Fraser G. 1987; Strain differentiation of Candida albicans by morphotyping. Epidemiol Infect 99:421–428
    [Google Scholar]
  27. Powderly W. G., Robinson K., Keath E. 1992; Molecular typing of Candida albicans isolated from oral lesions of HIV-infected individuals. AIDS 6:81–84
    [Google Scholar]
  28. Sadhu C., McEachern M. J., Rustchenko-Bulgac E. P., Schmid J., Soli D. R., Hicks J. B. 1991; Telomeric and dispersed repeat sequences in Candida yeasts and their use in strain identification. J Bacteriol 173:842–850
    [Google Scholar]
  29. Samaranayake L. P., MacFarlane T. W., Lamey P., Ferguson M. M. 1986; A comparison of oral rinse and imprint sampling techniques for the detection of yeast, coliform and Staphylococcus aureus carriage in the oral carriage. J Oral Pathol 15:386–388
    [Google Scholar]
  30. Scherer S., Stevens D. A. 1987; Application of DNA typing methods to epidemiology and taxonomy of Candida species. J Clin Microbiol 25:675–679
    [Google Scholar]
  31. Scherer S., Stevens D. A. 1988; A Candida albicans dispersed, repeated gene family and its epidemiologic applications. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 85:1452–1456
    [Google Scholar]
  32. Slutsky B., Staebell M., Anderson J., Risen L., Pfaller M., Soil D. R. 1987; ‘White-opaque transition’: a second high-frequency switching system in Candida albicans. . J Bacteriol 169:189–197
    [Google Scholar]
  33. Smith R. A., Hitchcock C. A., Evans E. G., Lacey G J, Adams D. J. 1989; The identification of Candida albicans strains by restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis of DNA. J Med Vet Mycol 27:431–434
    [Google Scholar]
  34. Soll D. R., Galask R., Schmid J., Hanna G, Mac K., Morrow B. 1991; Genetic dissimilarity of commensal strains of Candida spp. carried in different anatomical locations of the same healthy women. J Clin Microbiol 29:1702–1710
    [Google Scholar]
  35. Torssander J., Morfeldt-Manson L., Biberfeld G., Karlsson A., Putkonen P., Wasserman J. 1987; Oral Candida albicans in HIV infection. Scand J Infect Dis 19:291–295
    [Google Scholar]
  36. Whelan W. L., Kirsch D. R., Kwon-Chung K. J., Wahl S. M., Smith P. D. 1990; Candida albicans in patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome: absence of a novel of hypervirulent strain. J Infect Dis 162:513–518
    [Google Scholar]
http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/journal/micro/10.1099/13500872-140-5-1195
Loading
/content/journal/micro/10.1099/13500872-140-5-1195
Loading

Data & Media loading...

This is a required field
Please enter a valid email address
Approval was a Success
Invalid data
An Error Occurred
Approval was partially successful, following selected items could not be processed due to error