Pure Nuclear Quadrupole Spectra of Chlorine and Antimony Isotopes in Solids

Tien-Chuan Wang
Phys. Rev. 99, 566 – Published 15 July 1955
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Abstract

Experimental measurements on nuclear quadrupole resonances of chlorine and antimony isotopes in solids have been made to an accuracy of about 0.001 percent. The results are compared in detail with theoretical results for (1) nuclear quadrupole interaction, (2) interaction between quadrupole coupling and thermal vibrations, and (3) effects of a nuclear hexadecapole. The ratio (eQq)Cl35(eQq)Cl37 varies between 1.268736 and 1.268973 while (eQq)Sb123(eQq)Sb121 varies from 1.274714 to 1.274770. These variations may be attributed to zero-point vibrations and to thermal vibrations, so that no clear evidence is found for nuclear polarization by surrounding electric fields. For p-dichlorobenzene, the temperature coefficient of the coupling constant of Cl and the variation of isotopic coupling ratio with temperature are shown to be in fair quantitative agreement with the extension of Bayer's theory of vibrational effects. Relaxation times, Zeeman effects, and certain effects due to crystal structure are examined. Small discrepancies in the measured ratios of frequencies of transitions in Sb121 and Sb123, which can be attributed to nuclear hexadecapole interactions are found. These indicate a hexadecapole coupling constant in Sb123 of 24 kc/sec and a ratio of the Sb123 hexadecapole coupling to that of Sb121 of 0.8±0.3. A convenient high-sensitivity circuit for observation of nuclear resonances in solids has been developed and is discussed.

  • Received 21 March 1955

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRev.99.566

©1955 American Physical Society

Authors & Affiliations

Tien-Chuan Wang

  • Columbia University, New York, New York

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Vol. 99, Iss. 2 — July 1955

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