Abstract
The output state of a nonlinear Mach-Zehnder interferometer is shown to be an effective number-phase minimum-uncertainty state with reduced photon-number uncertainty. This interferometer includes an optical Kerr medium in one arm with a coherent-state input. Unusual ‘‘crescent’’-shaped squeezing which preserves photon number is revealed in the unitary evolution associated with a self-phase-modulation in the Kerr medium. Photon-number uncertainty 〈Δn〉 can be reduced by interference with a coherent-state reference wave. It can be minimized to 〈n^, far below the limit 〈n^ achieved by an ordinary squeezed state. The increased phase uncertainty due to self-phase-modulation and the reduced photon-number uncertainty still preserve the minimum-uncertainty product 〈Δn〉〈ΔΦ〉∼(1/4). .AE
- Received 14 April 1986
DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevA.34.3974
©1986 American Physical Society