We performed tunneling spectroscopy measurements of graphene coupled to niobium/niobium-nitride superconducting electrodes. Due to the proximity effect, the graphene density of states depends on the phase difference between the superconductors and exhibits a hard induced gap at zero phase, consistent with a continuum of Andreev bound states. At energies larger than the superconducting gap, we observed phase-dependent energy levels displaying the Coulomb blockade effect, which are interpreted as arising from spurious quantum dots, presumably embedded in the heterostructures and coupled to the proximitized graphene.

• Received 5 July 2018

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.98.121411