Microseconds after the Big Bang quarks and gluons formed a strongly coupled nonconformal liquid driven out of equilibrium by the expansion of the Universe. We use holography to determine the nonequilibrium behavior of this liquid in a Friedmann-Lemaître-Robertson-Walker universe and develop an expansion for the corresponding entropy production in terms of the derivatives of the cosmological scale factor. We show that the resulting series has zero radius of convergence and we discuss its resurgent properties. Finally, we compute the resummed entropy production rate in a de Sitter universe at late times and show that the leading order approximation given by bulk viscosity effects can strongly overestimate/underestimate the rate depending on the microscopic parameters.

• Received 5 April 2016

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.94.106011