Gluon parton distribution functions (PDFs) in the proton can be calculated directly on Euclidean lattices using large momentum effective theory (LaMET). To realize this goal, one has to find renormalized gluon quasi-PDFs in which power divergences and operator mixing are thoroughly understood. For the unpolarized distribution, we identify four independent quasi-PDF correlators that can be multiplicatively renormalized on the lattice. Similarly, the helicity distribution can be derived from three independent multiplicatively renormalizable quasi-PDFs. We provide a LaMET factorization formula for these renormalized quasi-PDFs from which one can extract the gluon PDFs.

• Received 19 September 2018
• Revised 13 January 2019

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.122.142001

Published by the American Physical Society under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license. Further distribution of this work must maintain attribution to the author(s) and the published article’s title, journal citation, and DOI. Funded by SCOAP³.

Published by the American Physical Society